Abstract
Stress is a complex phenomenon that silently rises and contributes to mental health disorders and chronic health conditions, decreasing work productivity, reducing our quality of life, and increasing our medical expenditures exponentially. Although a certain amount of stress is positive and beneficial for performance, such as “eustress,” chronic stress experienced for an extended time overwhelms the body’s coping mechanisms. We begin our chapter by briefly mentioning historical milestones related to stress research, followed by the definitions of stress. We then discuss the most recent epidemiological data related to stress prevalence and incidence, followed by a short description of the different types of stress across the lifespan. The following sections are dedicated to Burnout Syndrome, Stress-induced Exhaustion Disorder, and other types of stress-related experiences typical for our modern societies, such as Financial Stress and Stress due to Mental Illness Stigmatization. Finally, we conclude our chapter with the latest information on Caregiver Stress and Secondary Traumatic Stress.
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Acknowledgments
Translational Psychiatry Laboratory (Brazil) is supported by grants from CNPq (GZR), FAPESC (GZR), CAPES (GZR), Instituto Cérebro e Mente (GZR), and UNESC (GZR). GZR is a 2 CNPq Research Fellow. LMM is a CNPq Research Fellow.
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Manosso, L.M., Gasparini, C.R., Réus, G.Z., Pavlovic, Z.M. (2022). Definitions and Concepts of Stress. In: Pavlovic, Z.M. (eds) Glutamate and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87480-3_2
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