Neural Activity and Oscillations as Biological Markers in Traumatic Brain Injury

Dunkley, Benjamin T.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87302-8_46-1

Benjamin T. Dunkley⁶

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

37 Accesses

Abstract

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) – or concussion as it is oftentimes known – is a common type of acquired brain injury that generally has a favorable prognosis. However, a significant minority of cases present with persistent postconcussive symptoms that can reduce quality of life through functional impairment. Structural brain imaging has shown to be insufficient for the scope of the problem, now labeled a “silent epidemic,” and there are increasingly concerns about the number of accumulated head knocks during sport culminating in neurodegenerative disease, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The advent of powerful new approaches to understanding brain function, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG), has shown promise in revealing the electrophysiological disturbances and functional consequence that mTBI can cause. In this chapter, we review some of the literature that shows MEG can image this “invisible injury” and potentially offer a rapid diagnostic tool for evaluating “subtle” brain injuries.

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Abbreviations

ADHD:: Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder
CTE:: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
DAI:: Diffuse axonal injury
DMN :: Default mode network
DTI:: Diffusion tensor imaging
DWI:: Diffusion-weighted imaging
EEG:: Electroencephalography
FC:: Functional connectivity
fMRI:: Functional magnetic resonance imaging
GCS:: Glasgow Coma Scale
LoC:: Loss of consciousness
MEG:: Magnetoencephalography
mTBI :: Mild traumatic brain injury
OPM:: Optically pumped magnetometry
PPCS :: Persistent post-concussive symptoms
PTA:: Post-traumatic amnesia
PTSD:: Post-traumatic stress disorder

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Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada
Benjamin T. Dunkley

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Benjamin T. Dunkley
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Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Med City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Rajkumar Rajendram
Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, Rm 4.101, 4th Fl, Kings Coll London, Sch Biomed Health Sci, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel

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Dunkley, B.T. (2022). Neural Activity and Oscillations as Biological Markers in Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Rajendram, R., Preedy, V.R., Patel, V.B. (eds) Biomarkers in Trauma, Injury and Critical Care. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87302-8_46-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87302-8_46-1
Received: 14 March 2022
Accepted: 15 March 2022
Published: 25 June 2022
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-87302-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-87302-8
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

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