Abstract
Epidural injections are one of the most common injections performed by pain physicians. Typical indications include radiculopathy, spinal stenosis, and discogenic pain. There are three approaches: interlaminar, transforaminal, and caudal. Epidural injections are typically safe when proper patient selection and technique are used as outlined below.
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Suggested Further Reading
Manchikanti L, Abdi S, Atluri S, et al. An update of comprehensive evidence-based guidelines for interventional techniques in chronic spinal pain. Part II: guidance and recommendations. Pain Physician. 2013;16(2 Suppl):S49–283.
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Hashmi, A., Jindal, A., Pearson, A. (2022). Noncancer Pain: Radiculopathy and Epidural Steroid Injections. In: Banik, R.K. (eds) Anesthesiology In-Training Exam Review. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87266-3_45
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87266-3_45
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