Salivary Biomarkers in Toxicology: An Update Narrative

Gug, Ioana; Tertis, Mihaela; Ilea, Aranka; Chiș, Ioana Andreea; Băbțan, Anida-Maria; Uriciuc, Willi Andrei; Ionel, Anca; Feurdean, Claudia Nicoleta; Boșca, Adina Bianca; Cristea, Cecilia

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_70-1

Ioana Gug⁶^na1,
Mihaela Tertis⁶^na1,
Aranka Ilea⁷^na1,
Ioana Andreea Chiș⁸^na1,
Anida-Maria Băbțan⁷^na1,
Willi Andrei Uriciuc⁷^na1,
Anca Ionel⁷^na1,
Claudia Nicoleta Feurdean⁷^na1,
Adina Bianca Boșca⁹^na1 &
…
Cecilia Cristea⁶^na1

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

48 Accesses

Abstract

Saliva is a complex biofluid, but also a magical biofluid, because it is a mirror of both oral and general health. Multiple general pathologies (of endogenous or exogenous cause) have an effect and expression on the structures of the oral cavity, but also in the excreted biofluids. Oral biofluid is available to practitioners to collect and then evaluate, but not without some challenges related to it: what type of saliva/oral biofluid was collected (stimulated versus unstimulated), at what time of day, what is the relationship with oral hygiene (collected immediately after teeth brushing or at a distance), if there are inflammatory processes in the oral cavity, or what is the salivary flow rate and if it is influenced by certain pathologies or drugs administered. The rate of excretion/diffusion of various compounds (which are intended to be used as salivary biomarkers for detection in toxicology) should also be considered in relation to plasma concentrations and renal excretion.

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Abbreviations

AAS:: Atomic absorption spectrometry
DAD:: Diode array detector
DNA:: Deoxyribonucleic acid
DSP:: Deliberate self-poisoning
ESI:: Electrospray ionization
GC-MS:: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
HIV:: Human immunodeficiency viruses
HPLC-MS/MS:: High-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
HG-AAS:: Hydride generation-atomic absorption spectroscopy
ICP-OES:: Inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy
ICP-MS:: Inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry
IR:: Infrared
IUPAC:: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
MALDI:: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
MEKC:: Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
NMR:: Nuclear magnetic resonance
NSAIDs:: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
PCA:: Principal component analysis
PLS-DA:: Partial least squares discriminant analysis
RNA:: Ribonucleic acid
SARS-CoV-2:: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SERS:: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
SPE:: Solid phase extraction
TDM:: Therapeutic drug monitoring
UHPLC:: Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography
UV-Vis:: Ultraviolet-visible
WHO:: World Health Organization

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Ioana Gug and Mihaela Tertis contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Ioana Gug, Mihaela Tertis & Cecilia Cristea
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Aranka Ilea, Anida-Maria Băbțan, Willi Andrei Uriciuc, Anca Ionel & Claudia Nicoleta Feurdean
Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Ioana Andreea Chiș
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Adina Bianca Boșca

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Ioana Gug
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Mihaela Tertis
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Aranka Ilea
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Ioana Andreea Chiș
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Anida-Maria Băbțan
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Anca Ionel
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Claudia Nicoleta Feurdean
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Cecilia Cristea
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Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
Sch Biomed & Health Sci, Wilkins Bldg, King's College London Franklin, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy
Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Med City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Rajkumar Rajendram

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Gug, I. et al. (2022). Salivary Biomarkers in Toxicology: An Update Narrative. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R., Rajendram, R. (eds) Biomarkers in Toxicology. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_70-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_70-1
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