Micronucleus Assay in Lymphocytes for Human Biomonitoring and Clinical Studies

Da Silva, Juliana; Leticia Hilário Garcia, Ana; Matzenbacher, Cristina Araujo; Dalberto, Daiana; Rosa de Souza, Melissa; Rohr, Paula; Kahl, Vivian; Rabaioli da Silva, Fernanda

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_40-1

Juliana Da Silva^6,7,
Ana Leticia Hilário Garcia^6,7,
Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher^6,8,
Daiana Dalberto⁶,
Melissa Rosa de Souza⁶,
Paula Rohr^6,9,
Vivian Kahl¹⁰ &
…
Fernanda Rabaioli da Silva⁷

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

94 Accesses
1 Citations

Abstract

Micronuclei (MN) are originated when a whole or broken chromosome/chromatin lag at the anaphase of dividing cells and becomes separated from the main chromatin during telophase. The test to detect this structure in lymphocytes, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay, has been used for over 40 years and it is still being applied in new and promising areas of biology, health, and nanotechnology. It can be used to assess the genotoxic effect derived from occupational and environmental exposure or because of having a chronic disease. In addition, the test can be considered an indirect measure of prognosis in clinical studies. The present chapter reviews different studies that describe the formation of MN in lymphocytes and the associations of the increase of MN in individuals exposed environmentally and occupationally to different genotoxic agents. In addition, this chapter brings some results of this biomarker of genomic instability and its relation with different diseases.

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Abbreviations

AD:: Alzheimer’s disease
ALS:: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AT:: Ataxia telangiectasia
AUD:: Autoimmune diseases
BFB:: Breakage-fusion-bridge
BN:: Binucleate cells
CAD:: Coronary artery disease
CBMN-Cyt:: Cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome
CKD:: Chronic kidney disease
COPD:: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CRC:: Colorectal cancer
CS:: Cockayne’s syndrome
DNA:: Deoxyribonucleic acid
DS:: Down syndrome
FAL:: Formaldehyde
GTS:: Green tobacco sickness
HNC:: Head and neck cancers
IARC:: International Agency for Research on Cancer
MCI:: Mild cognitive impairment
MN:: Micronuclei
NBUD:: Nuclear buds
NPB:: Nucleoplasmic bridges
NSCL/P:: Non-syndromic orofacial clefts and/or palate
NTD:: Neural tube defects
PAH:: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PD:: Parkinson’s diseases
ROS:: Reactive oxygen species
SIL:: Squamous intraepithelial lesions
T2D:: Type 2 diabetes
WS:: Werner’s syndrome
XP:: Xeroderma pigmentosum

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Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
Juliana Da Silva, Ana Leticia Hilário Garcia, Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher, Daiana Dalberto, Melissa Rosa de Souza & Paula Rohr
Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, Postgraduate Program in Health and Human Development (PPGSDH), La Salle University (Unilasalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil
Juliana Da Silva, Ana Leticia Hilário Garcia & Fernanda Rabaioli da Silva
Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher
Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
Paula Rohr
Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute (UQDI), The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute (TRI), Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
Vivian Kahl

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Juliana Da Silva
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Ana Leticia Hilário Garcia
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Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher
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Daiana Dalberto
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Melissa Rosa de Souza
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Paula Rohr
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Vivian Kahl
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Fernanda Rabaioli da Silva
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Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
Sch Biomed & Health Sci, Wilkins Bldg, King's College London Franklin, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy
Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Med City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Rajkumar Rajendram

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Da Silva, J. et al. (2022). Micronucleus Assay in Lymphocytes for Human Biomonitoring and Clinical Studies. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R., Rajendram, R. (eds) Biomarkers in Toxicology. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_40-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_40-1
Received: 29 September 2021
Accepted: 06 October 2021
Published: 05 March 2022
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Online ISBN: 978-3-030-87225-0
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