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The Impact of Global Change on Marine Benthic Invertebrates

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Global Change in Atlantic Coastal Patagonian Ecosystems

Part of the book series: Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia ((NSSP))

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Abstract

Marine biogeographers divide the coastal areas of the southern Southwest Atlantic in two main biogeographic units: the warm-temperate Argentine and the cold-temperate Magellanic provinces, with a transition at 43°–44°S. Biodiversity decreases with latitude in decapod crustaceans but increases southward in most benthic invertebrate groups. Patagonian rocky shores are exposed to harsh physical conditions resulting in intense desiccation of intertidal organisms, which can be expected to get worse in future scenarios of global climate change. A change to be anticipated in the Patagonian coast is the southward range shift of warm-temperate species, which can already be perceived in San Jorge gulf, where recent southward range extensions were detected in the distribution of several species. The most important changes during the last decades in the Patagonian coast were caused by the invasion of nonindigenous benthic invertebrates. The arrivals of the intertidal barnacle Balanus glandula, the crab Carcinus maenas, the sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata, the tunicate Styela clava, and the reef-forming oyster Magallana gigas were the main invasions of marine invertebrates recorded in the region. Massive mortalities of the yellow clam Amarilladesma mactroides occurred in Buenos Aires Province and northern Patagonia in the 1990s. Future perspectives for the region are briefly discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The author is grateful to the three anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions that improved an earlier version of this chapter and to CONICET (PIP 2017–2019 No. 0254CO) for financial support.

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    Juan López-Gappa

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  4. Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión and CONICET, Rawson, Argentina

    Virginia E. Villafañe

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López-Gappa, J. (2022). The Impact of Global Change on Marine Benthic Invertebrates. In: Helbling, E.W., Narvarte, M.A., González, R.A., Villafañe, V.E. (eds) Global Change in Atlantic Coastal Patagonian Ecosystems. Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86676-1_8

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