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Survivors of Human Trafficking

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Diversity in Action

Abstract

Human trafficking is the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of forced labor or sexual exploitation. It is a serious human rights violation and public health issue. The experience of a trafficked individual sits at the nexus of multiple structural factors including socioeconomic status, family structure, race, gender, the criminal justice system, and experience of adverse childhood experiences. These factors contribute to an individual’s risk of trafficking, their ability to leave trafficking, and their recovery from the various physical and psychological sequelae of trafficking. Healthcare professionals have a unique opportunity to provide services to people being trafficked, yet many feel undertrained to recognize, evaluate, and manage patients who are trafficked. To appropriately treat individuals experiencing trafficking, clinicians must identify and address their own implicit biases, understand the cultural and structural factors impacting patients, and practice cultural humility as well as trauma-informed care. Systemic changes must also occur to improve the cultural responsiveness of care for distinct populations experiencing trafficking. This chapter explores exploitation from cultural and clinical perspectives, across care delivery settings, and the criminal justice system. It examines policies and practices with a focus on distinct populations including BIPOC (black, indigenous, and people of color), women and children, adolescents, LGBTQ, and immigrants. Work must be done to eliminate structural racism embedded in existing mental health services and to reduce the upstream factors that put people at risk of trafficking. To achieve health equity for people at risk of trafficking, there must be increased emphasis on understanding cultural factors such as structural racism, gender discrimination, and the policies and practices in place to support and perpetuate exploitation of BIPOC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA

    Joanna Ortega & Rachel Robitz

  2. Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Bellaire, TX, USA

    Mollie Gordon

  3. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Kimberly Gordon-Achebe

  4. University of Maryland, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Kimberly Gordon-Achebe

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  4. Rachel Robitz
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Correspondence to Rachel Robitz .

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Steve H. Koh

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Gabriela G. Mejia

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Hilary M. Gould

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Ortega, J., Gordon, M., Gordon-Achebe, K., Robitz, R. (2022). Survivors of Human Trafficking. In: Koh, S.H., Mejia, G.G., Gould, H.M. (eds) Diversity in Action. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85401-0_3

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