Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity of soil and groundwater is a global menace. Bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere often exhibit the dual activity of plant growth promotion and bioremediation (and/or assisted phytoremediation) of heavy metals like arsenic, mercury, copper, cobalt, etc., contaminating the soil. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) evolve survival mechanisms by expression of different sets of genes or operon under heavy metal and xenobiotic stress. Different molecular pathways are activated within the PGPR for biodegradation, biotransformation, bioaccumulation, bioadsorption and/or biovolatilization of the pollutants. PGPR possess mechanisms to solubilze phosphate and potassium and fix nitrogen, hence, can be used as biofertilizer. They also produce phytohormones, volatile organic compounds and hydrolytic enzymes responsible for promotion of plant growth. Therefore, PGPR have commercial applications in enhancement of agricultural production and reclamation of heavy metal contaminated soils.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge Department of Science & Technology and Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal, India for funding the research by its R&D Project Scheme—‘Gobeshonay Bangla’ (Grant No. STBT-11012(15)/26/2019-ST SEC).
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Mandal, D., Basu, A. (2021). Role of Heavy-Metal Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Rhizosphere in Bioremediation and Plant Development. In: Mukherjee, S., Baluška, F. (eds) Rhizobiology: Molecular Physiology of Plant Roots. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84985-6_22
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