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Dietary Reference Intakes: Cutting Through the Confusion

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Abstract

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of reference values for nutrients. The DRIs include values for Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). DRI tables also include Estimated Energy Requirement (EER).

The DRI provides an estimation of the nutrient intake that is adequate for the large majority of people within a specific population. The values are used for assessing and planning diets for individuals and groups.

Because the DRI is not user-friendly for the general population, other resources have been developed. In particular, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and MyPlate make recommendations for food selection by consumers. These guides are designed to be consistent with the DRI values.

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Suggested Further Readings

  • Barr SI, Murphy SP, Agurs-Collins TD, Poos MI. Planning diets for individuals using the dietary reference intakes. Nutr Rev. 2003;61:352–60.

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  • Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes: the essential guide to nutrient requirements. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy SP, Barr SI. Practice paper of the American dietetic association: using the dietary reference intakes. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:762–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy SP, Yates AA, Atkinson SA, Barr SI, Dwyer J. History of nutrition: the long road leading to the dietary reference intakes for the United States and Canada. Adv Nutr. 2016;7:157–68.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Trumbo PR, Barr SI, Murphy SP, Yates AA. Dietary reference intakes: cases of appropriate and inappropriate uses. Nutr Rev. 2013;71:657–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines.

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Correspondence to Maria Morgan-Bathke .

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Morgan-Bathke, M., McLimans, K. (2022). Dietary Reference Intakes: Cutting Through the Confusion. In: Wilson, T., Temple, N.J., Bray, G.A. (eds) Nutrition Guide for Physicians and Related Healthcare Professions. Nutrition and Health. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82515-7_39

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82515-7_39

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