Abstract
Addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder. Despite pharmacological and psychological interventions during rehabilitation, a majority of patients still relapse. In this seventh chapter, we present neuromodulation techniques as a complementary intervention for addiction. Firstly, while deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown promising results, its cost–benefit–risk ratio is nonetheless too high to be implemented in routine clinical care. Secondly, repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct courant stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) have shown reduced craving and relapses, but the results are mixed. To improve efficacy, new perspectives envisioned that the insula could be a promising target for rTMS and DBS in combination with cognitive remediation and while participants are exposed to key conditioned stimuli. Additionally, neurofeedback could be a useful tool in teaching patients to actively regulate their neural activity, although better controlled experimental designs and rigorous measures of brain changes are needed. Despite the heterogeneity of studies, neuromodulation techniques as complementary tools to conventional care seem to constitute a turning point in the management of addictions.
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Dubuson, M., Dousset, C., Noël, X., Campanella, S. (2021). Neuromodulation Techniques in the Treatment of Addictions. In: Balconi, M., Campanella, S. (eds) Advances in Substance and Behavioral Addiction . Advances in Mental Health and Addiction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82408-2_7
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