Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Carotid Disease: Usefulness of the Ultrasound

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Neurosonology in Critical Care

  • 1685 Accesses

Abstract

Our aim is to introduce the optimal setting of ultrasound devices and different methods for diagnosing of steno-occlusive diseases of carotid vessels. The authors also present a detailed description of morphological characteristics of carotid plaques and hemodynamic criteria of stenosis. They provide a practical approach of carotid investigation, stenosis, occlusion and other vessel wall abnormalities (e.g., dissection).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2018 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;137:e67–e4921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Clevert DA, Johnson T, Jung EM, et al. Color Doppler, power Doppler and B-flow ultrasound in the assessment of ICA stenosis: comparison with 64-MD-CT angiography. Eur Radiol. 2007;17(8):2149–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bartels E. Color-coded duplex ultrasonography of the cerebral vessels. Atlas and manual. Schattauer: Stuttgart; 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Csiba L, Baracchini C, editors. Manual of neurosonology. Cambridge University Press; 2016. p. 1–214.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  5. Grant EG, Benson CB, Moneta GL, et al. Carotid artery stenosis: gray-scale and Doppler US diagnosis-Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference. Radiology. 2003;229(2):340–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Grant EG, Benson CB, Moneta GL, et al. Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. Carotid artery stenosis: grayscale and Doppler ultrasound diagnosis–Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference. Ultrasound Q. 2003;19:190–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Scoutt LM, Gunabushanam G. Carotid ultrasound. Radiol Clin N Am. 2019;57(3):501–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Rafailidis V, Charitanti A, Tegos T, et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the carotid system: a review of the current literature. J Ultrasound. 2017;20(2):97–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004–2006–2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;34(4):290–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Saba L, Anzidei M, Marincola BC, et al. Imaging of the carotid artery vulnerable plaque. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2014;c37:572–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Reiter M, Horvat R, Puchner S, et al. Plaque imaging of the internal carotid artery – correlation of B-flow imaging with histopathology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007;28(1):122–6.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Valdueza JM, Schreiber SJ, Roehl JE, Klingebiel R. Neurosonology and neuroimaging of stroke. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag; 2008.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  13. Fridman S, Lownie SP, Mandzia J. Diagnosis and management of carotid free-floating thrombus: a systematic literature review. Int J Stroke. 2019;14(3):247–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ota H, Takase K, Rikimaru H, et al. Quantitative vascular measurements in arterial occlusive disease. Radiographics. 2005;25(5):1141–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Rafati M, Havaee E, Moladoust H, et al. Appraisal of different ultrasonography indices in patients with carotid artery atherosclerosis. EXCLI J. 2017;16:727–41.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. von Reutern GM, Goertler MW, Bornstein NM, et al. Grading carotid stenosis using ultrasonic methods. Stroke. 2012;43(3):916–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hathout GM, Fink JR, El-saden SM, et al. Sonographic NASCET index: a new doppler parameter for assessment of internal carotid artery stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005;26(1):68–75.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Varetto G, Gibello L, Castagno C, et al. Use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in carotid atherosclerotic disease: limits and perspectives. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:293163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Csiba L. Ultrasonic methods used in the diagnosis of changes in the carotid artery system. Orv Hetil. 1990;131(27):1455–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. AIUM practice parameter for the performance of an ultrasound examination of the extracranial cerebrovascular system. J Ultrasound Med. 2016;35(9):1–11.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Ferenc Flór County Hospital, Kistarcsa, Hungary

    Gyula Pánczél

  2. Director of Early Phase Clinical Services at ICON plc, Budapest, Hungary

    Vendel Kemény

  3. Szentendre Medical Center, Szentendre, Hungary

    Vendel Kemény

  4. Neurologist, Department of Neurology, Debrecen University, Committee Member - ESNCH, Debrecen, Hungary

    László Oláh

  5. Neurologist, Department of Neurology, Clinical Center Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary. Advisory Board - ESNCH, Hungarian Neurological Society, Debrecen, Hungary

    László Csiba

Authors
  1. Gyula Pánczél
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vendel Kemény
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. László Oláh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. László Csiba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to László Csiba .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Critical Care, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Camilo N. Rodríguez

  2. Stroke Unit & Neurosonology Lab, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padova, Italy

    Claudio Baracchini

  3. Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia

    Jorge H. Mejia-Mantilla

  4. Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Marek Czosnyka

  5. Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Jose I Suarez

  6. President of Hungarian Neurological Society, Department of Neurology, Clinical Center Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary

    László Csiba

  7. Intensive Care Unit, Clinics Hospital, Universidad de la Republica School of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Corina Puppo

  8. Center for Neurological Vascular Diagnostics, Munich, Germany

    Eva Bartels

Algorithm

Algorithm

figure a

ABCD Airway-Breathing-Circulation-Disability, CCA Common carotid artery, ICA Internal carotid artery, ECA External carotid artery, Bb Below bifurcation, PSV Peak systolic velocity, EDV End-Diastolic velocity

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pánczél, G., Kemény, V., Oláh, L., Csiba, L. (2022). Carotid Disease: Usefulness of the Ultrasound. In: Rodríguez, C.N., et al. Neurosonology in Critical Care . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81419-9_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81419-9_26

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-81418-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-81419-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation