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Urinary Gluten Immunogenic Peptides as a Biomarker in Celiac Patients

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Biomarkers in Nutrition

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Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is treated with a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD). Current methods for monitoring GFD conformance, such as dietary questionnaires, serology tests, or clinical symptoms, may be inaccurate in detecting dietary transgressions. Duodenal biopsies are invasive, expensive, and not a routine monitoring technique. This chapter discusses a promising advancement in the development of tests that measure immunogenic gluten peptides (GIP) in stools and urine as evidence of recent gluten exposure. GIP determination in urine or stool is a sensitive, reliable, and clinically proven method for the follow-up of patients with CD that ensures adherence to the GFD and is therefore a biomarker of the state of the duodenal mucosa. The introduction of GIP testing as an assessment technique for GFD adherence may help in targeting the most suitable interventions during follow-up and in differentiating symptoms related to CD and other conditions.

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Abbreviations

Anti-DGP:

Anti-deamidated gliadin peptide

Anti-tTG:

Anti-tissue transglutaminase

CD:

Celiac disease

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EMA:

Anti-endomysial antibody

GFD:

Gluten-free diet

GIP:

Gluten immunogenic peptides

LFIA:

Lateral flow immunoassay

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Ángela Ruiz-Carnicer & Carolina Sousa

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Marta Garzón-Benavides & Ángeles Pizarro

  3. Department of Gastroenterology, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Marta Garzón-Benavides & Ángeles Pizarro

  4. SeLiver Group of Investigation of the Biomedicine Institute of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Marta Garzón-Benavides & Ángeles Pizarro

Authors
  1. Ángela Ruiz-Carnicer
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  2. Marta Garzón-Benavides
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  3. Carolina Sousa
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  4. Ángeles Pizarro
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Science, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, Rm 4.101, 4th Fl, Kings Coll London, Sch Biomed Health Sci, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

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Ruiz-Carnicer, Á., Garzón-Benavides, M., Sousa, C., Pizarro, Á. (2022). Urinary Gluten Immunogenic Peptides as a Biomarker in Celiac Patients. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Biomarkers in Nutrition . Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81304-8_52-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81304-8_52-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-81304-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-81304-8

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