Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Artificial Intelligence and Humanistic Medicine: A Symbiosis

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare and Medical Devices (AHFE 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 263))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 2237 Accesses

Abstract

Medicine is a human endeavor aided by a sophisticated set of diagnostic tools. Healthcare systems are challenged with incorporating new and unfamiliar technology into existing systems of practice. As diagnostic tools such as artificial intelligence have entered the realm of clinical practice, new opportunities have arisen to optimize healthcare delivery. Overreliance on AI may lead to the dehumanization of medicine. However, with appropriate implementation, AI can free up time and resources to allow healthcare providers to focus on aspects of care that are unique humanistic. Effective medical practice requires availability of data, application of information, and appropriate clinical judgement. A large portion of modern patient care takes place without the presence of the patient. AI has shown the potential to synthesize and summarize vast amounts of data from medical records, clinical trials, and best-practice guidelines. By tailoring all available data to each case, AI can serve as an asset in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and increasing the efficiency of healthcare delivery. However, clinical decisions made between patients and their physicians cannot be reduced to a set of parameters, code, or logic trees. Clinical judgment and the implementation of available information remains necessarily human tasks. Only through a strong therapeutic relationship built on trust and empathy can shared decision making and compliance be attained. We propose a framework through which AI and humanistic medicine can build on one another to create a symbiosis of the highest possible caliber of patient care and healthcare quality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Craft, J.A.: Artificial intelligence and the softer side of medicine. Mo. Med. 115, 406–409 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mesko, B.: The role of artificial intelligence in precision medicine. Expert Rev. Precis. Med. Drug Dev. 2, 239–241 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/23808993.2017.1380516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Saria, S., Butte, A., Sheikh, A.: Better medicine through machine learning: what’s real, and what’s artificial? PLoS Med. 15, e1002721 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Grol, R., Grimshaw, J.: From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients’ care (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14546-1

  5. Rosenthal, D.I., Verghese, A.: Meaning and the nature of physicians’ work (2016). https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1609055

  6. Wang, M.D., Khanna, R., Najafi, N.: Characterizing the source of text in electronic health record progress notes (2017). https://jamanetwork.com/. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1548

  7. Cabitza, F., Zeitoun, J.-D.: The proof of the pudding: in praise of a culture of real-world validation for medical artificial intelligence. Ann. Transl. Med. 7, 161–161 (2019). https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2019.04.07

  8. Jiang, F., et al.: Artificial intelligence in healthcare: past, present and future. Stroke Vasc. Neurol. 2, 230–243 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2017-000101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ahmed, Z., Mohamed, K., Zeeshan, S., Dong, X.Q.: Artificial intelligence with multi-functional machine learning platform development for better healthcare and precision medicine. Database (2020). https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaa010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Corcoran, K.: Not much to say really. Lancet 391, 1890–1891 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31005-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kerasidou, A.: Artificial intelligence and the ongoing need for empathy, compassion and trust in healthcare. Bull. World Health Organ. 98, 245–250 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.19.237198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kelm, Z., Womer, J., Walter, J.K., Feudtner, C.: Interventions to cultivate physician empathy: a systematic review (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25315848/. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-14-219

  13. Derksen, F., Bensing, J., Lagro-Janssen, A.: Effectiveness of empathy in general practice: a systematic review (2013). https://bjgp.org/content/63/606/e76. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp13X660814

  14. Longoni, C., Bonezzi, A., Morewedge, C.K.: Resistance to medical artificial intelligence. J. Consum. Res. 46, 629–650 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucz013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Oh, S., Kim, J.H., Choi, S.W., Lee, H.J., Hong, J., Kwon, S.H.: Physician confidence in artificial intelligence: an online mobile survey. J. Med. Internet Res. 21, e12422 (2019). https://doi.org/10.2196/12422

  16. Pham, J.C., et al.: Reducing medical errors and adverse events. Annu. Rev. Med. 63, 447–463 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-061410-121352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Graber, M.: Diagnostic errors in medicine: a case of neglect forum. Jt. Comm. J. Qual. Patient Saf. 31, 106–113 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1553-7250(05)31015-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Graber, M.L., Franklin, N., Gordon, R.: Diagnostic error in internal medicine. Arch. Intern. Med. 165, 1493 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.13.1493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Arena, V., Capelli, A.: Autopsy pathology: a subspecialty that must be recognized. Hum. Pathol. 40, 903–904 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2009.01.019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Payne, V.L., Patel, V.L.: Enhancing medical decision making when caring for the critically Ill: the role of cognitive heuristics and biases. In: Patel, V.L., Kaufman, D.R., Cohen, T. (eds.) Cognitive Informatics in Health and Biomedicine. HI, pp. 203–231. Springer, London (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5490-7_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Coiera, E.: The price of artificial intelligence. Yearb. Med. Inform. 28, 14–15 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677892

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Middleton, B., Sittig, D.F., Wright, A.: IMIA yearbook of medical informatics 2016 S103 clinical decision support: a 25 year retrospective and a 25 year vision. Yearb. Med. Inform. 103–116 (2016). https://doi.org/10.15265/IYS-2016-s034

  23. Kalinin, A.A., et al.: Deep learning in pharmacogenomics: from gene regulation to patient stratification (2018). https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/pgs-2018-0008. https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2018-0008

  24. Rozenblum, R., et al.: Using a machine learning system to identify and prevent medication prescribing errors: a clinical and cost analysis evaluation. Jt. Comm. J. Qual. Patient Saf. 46, 3 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2019.09.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Wu, E.Q., Royer, J., Ayyagari, R., Signorovitch, J., Thokala, P.: Artificial intelligence assisted literature reviews: key considerations for implementation in health care research. Value Heal. 21, S85 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2018.09.500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Danaee, P., Ghaeini, R., Hendrix, D.A.: A deep learning approach for cancer detection and relevant gene identification. In: Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, pp. 219–229. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd (2017). https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813207813_0022

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Royal University Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada

    Jawahar (Jay) Kalra

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada

    Jawahar (Jay) Kalra & Zoher Rafid-Hamed

  3. Northern Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada

    Patrick Seitzinger

Authors
  1. Jawahar (Jay) Kalra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zoher Rafid-Hamed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Patrick Seitzinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jawahar (Jay) Kalra .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept.of Pathology, College of Medicine, Univ.of Saskatchewan Royal Univ.Hospital, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

    Jay Kalra

  2. Center for Applied Sys. Engineering, Veterans Affairs, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Nancy J. Lightner

  3. Campus du Moulin de la Housse, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims Cedex 2, France

    Redha Taiar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kalra, J.(., Rafid-Hamed, Z., Seitzinger, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Humanistic Medicine: A Symbiosis. In: Kalra, J., Lightner, N.J., Taiar, R. (eds) Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare and Medical Devices. AHFE 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 263. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80744-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80744-3_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-80743-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-80744-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation