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Water Quality and Quantity Benefits of Agroforestry and Processes: Long-Term Case Studies from Missouri, USA

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Agroforestry and Ecosystem Services

Abstract

Two long-term case studies established in 1991 and 2000 use row crop watersheds in northeast Missouri and grazing watersheds in central Missouri to evaluate water benefits of agroforestry (AF). Results showed that integration of AF into a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation and a grazing system has improved the quality of surface, subsurface, and ground water by reducing sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus losses. Model simulations have further proven AF’s water quality benefits on these watersheds. Water quality improvements of AF are attributed to changes in soil properties, nutrient cycling, water use by the perennial vegetation, soil biodiversity, chemical-biological reactions, and microclimate. These findings suggest that strategic placement of AF can help improve water quality while contributing to enhanced ecosystem services like pollination, aesthetic value, biodiversity, and diversified products.

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Abbreviations

AF:

Agroforestry

CT

Computed tomography

GAF:

Grazing AF watershed study

GB:

Grass buffer

HARC:

Horticulture Agroforestry Research Center

Ksat:

Saturated hydraulic conductivity

MLRA:

Major land resource areas

N:

Nitrogen

NPSP:

Nonpoint source pollution

P:

Phosphorus

RAF:

Row crop AF watershed study

SOM:

Soil organic matter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Ranjith P. Udawatta, Harold E. Garrett, Shibu Jose & Sarah T. Lovell

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  1. Ranjith P. Udawatta
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  2. Harold E. Garrett
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  3. Shibu Jose
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  4. Sarah T. Lovell
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Correspondence to Ranjith P. Udawatta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Ranjith P. Udawatta

  2. College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Shibu Jose

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Udawatta, R.P., Garrett, H.E., Jose, S., Lovell, S.T. (2021). Water Quality and Quantity Benefits of Agroforestry and Processes: Long-Term Case Studies from Missouri, USA. In: Udawatta, R.P., Jose, S. (eds) Agroforestry and Ecosystem Services. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80060-4_6

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