Skip to main content

Social Media—The Emotional and Mental Roller-Coaster of Gen Z: An Empirical Study

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Managing Disruptions in Business

Abstract

The current pandemic situation has increased the utility and use of social media in society. Higher usage of digital and social media influences the mental and emotional health of the users. Mental health is the reflection of the mind that understands and experiences information. Emotional health exhibits the capacity to express and manage emotions. Based on the displacement hypothesis and gratifications theory, this study attempts to investigate the impact of social media on mental and emotional health among a section of Gen Z (15–24 years) in Bangalore city. Earlier studies have established an association between social media usage and mental health issues; however, the current study goes down to a granular level by measuring the mental and emotional health of Gen Z in pre- and current pandemic situations. A randomized block experiment and structural equation modeling was done using primary data collected from 350 Gen Z category adults through a structured questionnaire. Findings show that there are changes in mental and emotional health conditions between pre- and current pandemic times and in general social media use is likely to affect the mental and emotional health of Gen Z. Future research would also pave the way to improve these conditions caused on Gen Z by social media.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahn, D., & Shin, D.-H. (2013). Is the social use of media for seeking connectedness or for avoiding social isolation? Mechanisms underlying media use and subjective well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 2453–2462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a Facebook addiction scale. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 501–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aparicio, J. (2020). The effect of social media uses via a mobile device on the mental health of young adults. Doctoral dissertation, California State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calisir, F., Atahan, L., & Saracoglu, M. (2013, October). Factors affecting social network sites usage on smartphones of students in Turkey. In Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 23–25).

    Google Scholar 

  • Çiçek, M., Eren-Erdoğmuş, İ., & Daştan, İ. (2018). How to increase the awareness of in-app mobile banner ads: exploring the roles of banner location, application type and orientation. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 16(2), 153–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, S., & Williamson, G. M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 109(1), 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colás, P., González, T., & de Pablos, J. (2013). Young people and social networks: Motivations and preferred uses. Comunicar, XX(40), 15–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooks, J. A. (2020). Understanding social media and the complex interplay between use and depressive symptoms. Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cummings, J. N., Butler, B., & Kraut, R. (2002). The quality of online social relationships. Communications of the ACM, 45(7), 103–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curras-Perez, R., Ruiz-Mafe, C., & Sanz-Blas, S. (2014). Determinants of user behaviour and recommendation in social networks: An integrative approach from the uses and gratifications perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, L., Georgiades, K., Wang, L., Van Lieshout, R. J., MacMillan, H. L., Ferro, M. A., ... & Boyle, M. H. (2018). Psychometric evaluation of the mini international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID). Psychological Assessment, 30(7), 916.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. (2014). The social brain: Psychological underpinnings and implications for the structure of organizations. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(2), 109–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuller, C., Lehman, E., Hicks, S., & Novick, M. B. (2017). Bedtime use of technology and associated sleep problems in children. Global Pediatric Health, 4, 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hair, B., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinsch, C., & Sheldon, K. M. (2013). The impact of frequent social Internet consumption: Increased procrastination and lower life satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 12(6), 496–505.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, C. (2010). Internet use and psychological well-being: A meta-analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13, 241–249. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2009.0217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jourard, S. M. (1964). The transparent self: Self-disclosure and well-being (Vol. 17). Van Nostrand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, E., Gurevich, M., & Haas, H. (1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. American Socialogical Review, 38, 164–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keles, B., McCrae, N., & Grealish, A. (2020). A systematic review: The influence of social media on depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 79–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D., Chun, H., Kwak, Y., & Nam, Y. (2014). The employment of dialogic principles in website, Facebook, and Twitter platforms of environmental nonprofit organizations. Social Science Computer Review, 32(5), 590–605.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraut, R., Kiesler, S., Boneva, B., Cummings, J., Helgeson, V., & Crawford, A. (2002). Internet paradox revisited. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560/00248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukopadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W. (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological wellbeing? American Psychologist, 53, 1017–1031. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.53.9.1017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General and Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kross, E., Verduyn, P., Demiralp, E., Park, J., Lee, D. S., Lin, N., & Ybarra, O. (2013). Facebook use predicts declines in subjective well-being in young adults. Plos One, 8(8), e69841. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069841

  • Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brähler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008). Validation and standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Medical care, 46, 266–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • McQuail, D. (1987). Mass communication theory: An introduction. Sage Publications, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie, N. H. (2001). Sociability, interpersonal relations, and the internet: Reconciling conflicting findings. American Behavior Scientist, 45, 420–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027640121957277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nie, N. H., & Hillygus, D. S. (2002). The impact of Internet use on sociability: Time-diary findings. IT & Society, 1(1), 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nop, A. (2020). Young people, social media, and impacts on well-being. School of Professional Studies, 44. https://commons.clarku.edu/sps_masters_papers/44

  • Omar, A. S., Rashid, W. E. W., & Majid, A. A. (2014). Motivations using social networking sites on quality work life. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 130, 524–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parks, M. R. (2011). Boundary conditions for the application of three theories of computer-mediated communication to MySpace. Journal of Communication, 61(4), 557–574.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrocchi, N., Asnaani, A., Martinez, A. P., Nadkarni, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2015). Differences between people who use only Facebook and those who use Facebook plus Twitter. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 31(2), 157–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollet, T. V., Roberts, S. G. B., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2011). Use of social network sites and instant messaging does not lead to increased offline social network size, or to emotionally closer relationships with offline network members. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0161

  • Rasmussen, E. E., Punyanunt-Carter, N., LaFreniere, J. R., Norman, M. S., & Kimball, T. G. (2020). The serially mediated relationship between emerging adults’ social media use and mental well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 206–213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberti, J. W., Harrington, L. N., & Storch, E. A. (2006). Further psychometric support for the 10-item version of the perceived stress scale. Journal of College Counseling, 9(2), 135–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheepers, C. E., Wendel-Vos, G. C. W., Den Broeder, J. M., Van Kempen, E. E. M. M., Van Wesemael, P. J. V., & Schuit, A. J. (2014). Shifting from car to active transport: A systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 70, 264–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shakya, H. B., & Christakis, N. A. (2017). Association of Facebook uses with compromised wellbeing: A longitudinal study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 185(3), 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kww189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shao, G. (2009). Understanding the appeal of user-generated media: A uses and gratification perspective. Internet Research, 19(1), 7–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, K. M., Abad, N., & Hinsch, C. (2011). A two-process view of Facebook use and relatedness need-satisfaction: Disconnection drives use, and connection rewards it.

    Google Scholar 

  • Song, H., Zmyslinski-Seelig, A., Kim, J., Drent, A., Victor, A., Omori, K., & Allen, M. (2014). Does Facebook makes you lonely? A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 446–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.011

  • Stafford, T. F., & Gillenson, M. L. (2004). Motivations for mobile devices: Uses and gratifications for m-commerce. SIGHCI 2004 Proceedings, 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twenge, J. M., & Farley, E. (2021). Not all screen time is created equal: Associations with mental health vary by activity and gender. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 56(2), 207–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verduyn, P., Lee, D. S., Park, J., Shablack, H., Orvell, A., Bayer, J., & Kross, E. (2015). Passive Facebook usage undermines affective well-being: Experimental and longitudinal evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(2), 480.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiser, E. B. (2001), The functions of internet use and their social and psychological consequences. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 4(6), 723–743.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, Z., Pérez-Rosas, V., & Mihalcea, R. (2020). Inferring Social Media Users’ Mental Health Status from Multimodal Information. Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (pp. 6292–6299). Marseille.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Y., & Ma, Z. F. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among residents in Liaoning Province, China: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Praveen Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kannan, L., Kumar, T.P. (2022). Social Media—The Emotional and Mental Roller-Coaster of Gen Z: An Empirical Study. In: Rajagopal, Behl, R. (eds) Managing Disruptions in Business. Palgrave Studies in Democracy, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship for Growth. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79709-6_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics