Abstract
The Industry 4.0 concept represents a new way of managing production processes. With its application, connections between people, systems, and objects become more complex, creating a dynamic and real-time optimized network. With the establishment of such a network, a smart factory is created. In a smart factory environment, each process must be precisely planned into a connected functional unit in order for the production process to run smoothly. A factory designed in this way has a complex information and communication infrastructure, and thus potentially more significant security threats and risks that it faces than a factory that operates traditionally. The technologies found in the smart factory environment have been evolving for some time. However, their integration with industrial systems poses new security challenges. The smart factory environment's rapid development imposes the need to ensure safe interaction between the production system elements. This paper provides an insight into the environment of a smart factory and the information and communication technologies that enable its operation. The paper provides an overview of security threats and risks that such an environment faces based on the acquired knowledge.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kalsoom, T., Ramzan, N., Ahmed, S., Ur-Rehman, M.: Advances in sensor technologies in the era of smart factory and industry 4.0. Sensors 20, 6783 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236783
Grabowska, S.: Smart factories in the age of industry 4.0. Manag. Syst. Prod. Eng. 28, 90–96 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2020-0014
Gisler, A.: Smart factories (2019). https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/et.2012.0610
Burke, R., Mussomeli, A., Stephen, L., Marty, H., Brenna, S.: The smart factory (2017)
Ilanković, N., Zelić, A., Gubán, M., Szabó, L.: Smart factories – the product of Industry 4.0. Prosperitas 7, 19–31 (2020). https://doi.org/10.31570/Prosp_2020_01_2
Rathnam, L.: Industry 4.0: building the ‘smart factory’ of tomorrow—today. http://techgenix.com/smart-factory/. Accessed 09 Nov 2020
Büchi, G., Cugno, M., Castagnoli, R.: Smart factory performance and industry 4.0. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 150, 119790 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119790
Illa, P.K., Padhi, N.: Practical guide to smart factory transition using IoT, big data and edge analytics. IEEE Access 6, 55162–55170 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2872799
Peraković, D., Periša, M., Cvitić, I., Zorić, P.: Information and communication technologies for the society 5.0 environment. In: Zbornik radova trideset osmog simpozijuma o novim tehnologijama u poštanskom i telekomunikacionom saobraćaju – POSTEL 2020, pp. 203–212. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, Belgrade (2020). https://doi.org/10.37528/FTTE/9788673954318/POSTEL.2020.020
Virat, M.S., Bindu, S.M., Aishwarya, B., Dhanush, B.N., Kounte, M.R.: Security and privacy challenges in internet of things. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics, ICOEI 2018, pp. 454–460. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOEI.2018.8553919
Arnold, C., Kiel, D., Voigt, K.I.: Innovative business models for the industrial internet of things. In: 26th International Association for Management of Technology Conference, IAMOT 2017, pp. 1379–1396 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-017-0667-7
Lu, Y.: Industry 4.0: a survey on technologies, applications and open research issues (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2017.04.005
Zheng, P., et al.: Smart manufacturing systems for industry 4.0: conceptual framework, scenarios, and future perspectives. Front. Mech. Eng. 13(2), 137–150 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-018-0499-5
Rao, S.K., Prasad, R.: Impact of 5G technologies on industry 4.0. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 100(1), 145–159 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-018-5615-7
Alcácer, V., Cruz-Machado, V.: Scanning the industry 4.0: a literature review on technologies for manufacturing systems (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2019.01.006
Mabkhot, M., Al-Ahmari, A., Salah, B., Alkhalefah, H.: Requirements of the smart factory system: a survey and perspective. Machines 6, 23 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/machines6020023
Gao, R.X., Wang, L., Helu, M., Teti, R.: Big data analytics for smart factories of the future. CIRP Ann. 69, 668–692 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2020.05.002
ENISA: Good practices for security of internet of things in the context of smart manufacturing. In: European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA), Attiki, Greece (2018)
Small, M.: 5G and identity. https://www.kuppingercole.com/blog/small/5g-and-identity. Accessed 15 Oct 2020
Ahmad, A., Bosua, R., Scheepers, R.: Protecting organizational competitive advantage: a knowledge leakage perspective. Comput. Secur. 42, 27–39 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2014.01.001
Tuptuk, N., Hailes, S.: Security of smart manufacturing systems. J. Manuf. Syst. 47, 93–106 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2018.04.007
Walker-Roberts, S., Hammoudeh, M., Aldabbas, O., Aydin, M., Dehghantanha, A.: Threats on the horizon: understanding security threats in the era of cyber-physical systems. J. Supercomput. 76(4), 2643–2664 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-019-03028-9
FPT Software: 5 Ways to Mitigate Cybersecurity Risks in Smart Manufacturing. https://www.fpt-software.com/5-ways-to-mitigate-cybersecurity-risks-in-smart-manufacturing/. Accessed 10 Dec 2020
Trend Micro: Threats and Consequences A Security Analysis of Smart Manufacturing Systems. https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/internet-of-things/threats-and-consequences-a-security-analysis-of-smart-manufacturing-systems. Accessed 11 Oct 2020
Häckel, B., Hänsch, F., Hertel, M., Übelhör, J.: Assessing IT availability risks in smart factory networks. Bus. Res. 12(2), 523–558 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-018-0071-5
Tupa, J., Simota, J., Steiner, F.: Aspects of risk management implementation for industry 4.0. Procedia Manuf. 11, 1223–1230 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.248
Ervural, B.C., Ervural, B.: Overview of cyber security in the industry 4.0 era. In: Ervural, B.C., Ervural, B. (eds.) Industry 4.0: Managing the Digital Transformation. SSAM, pp. 267–284. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57870-5_16
Herrmann, F.: The smart factory and its risks. Systems 6, 38 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/systems6040038
Cavusoglu, H., Cavusoglu, H., Son, J.Y., Benbasat, I.: Institutional pressures in security management: direct and indirect influences on organizational investment in information security control resources. Inf. Manag. 52, 385–400 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2014.12.004
Cvitić, I., Peraković, D., Periša, M., Botica, M.: Novel approach for detection of IoT generated DDoS traffic. Wirel. Netw. 27(3), 1573–1586 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-019-02043-1
Swivel Secure: Industry 4.0 and the cybersecurity risks to the future of manufacturing. https://swivelsecure.com/solutions/manufacturing/manufacturing-is-at-risk-from-cybercrime/. Accessed 15 Nov 2020
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zorić, P., Musa, M., Kuljanić, T.M. (2021). Smart Factory Environment: Review of Security Threats and Risks. In: Perakovic, D., Knapcikova, L. (eds) Future Access Enablers for Ubiquitous and Intelligent Infrastructures. FABULOUS 2021. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 382. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78459-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78459-1_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-78458-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-78459-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)