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Role of the Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease

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Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

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Abstract

Over the past decade, changes in the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota have been linked to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as atherosclerosis, hypertension (HTN), heart failure (HF), obesity, and insulin resistance. Even though the alteration in the composition of gut microbiota can be assessed by sequencing methods, there are still limited data on the inter- and intrapersonal variations in gut microbial composition in humans. Recent research has begun focusing more on the measurement of gut microbiota-related metabolites contributing to the susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases in order to find the interactions among diet, gut microbiota, and CVD. Several gut microbial metabolites, most notably trimethylamine N-oxide, have been strongly linked to the pathogenesis of CVD. This chapter reviews the complex host-microbiota relationship, including the physiology of gut microbiota, associations between altered gut microbial composition and metabolism and CVD, and the possibility of targeting gut microbiota for developing novel treatments of CVD.

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Disclosure

Dr. Tang is a consultant for Sequana Medical A.G., Owkin Inc., Relypsa Inc., proCARDIA Inc, Cardiol Therapeutics, and Genomics plc, and has received honorarium from Springer Nature for authorship/editorship and American Board of Internal Medicine for exam writing committee, all unrelated to the contents of this paper. All other authors have no relationships to disclose.

Funding

Dr. Tang is partially supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Office of Dietary Supplements (R01HL103931, R01DK106000, R01HL126827).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Thanat Chaikijurajai & W. H. Wilson Tang

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Thanat Chaikijurajai

  3. Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Jennifer Wilcox & W. H. Wilson Tang

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  1. Thanat Chaikijurajai
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  2. Jennifer Wilcox
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  3. W. H. Wilson Tang
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Correspondence to W. H. Wilson Tang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Michael J. Wilkinson

  2. Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA

    Michael S. Garshick

  3. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Pam R. Taub

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Chaikijurajai, T., Wilcox, J., Tang, W.H.W. (2021). Role of the Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease. In: Wilkinson, M.J., Garshick, M.S., Taub, P.R. (eds) Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78177-4_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78177-4_15

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