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In-Situ Analysis of Behavior Patterns and User Experience of Automated Shuttle Bus Users

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User Experience Design in the Era of Automated Driving

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 980))

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Abstract

Automated shuttle buses operating in public transport have recently gained a lot of interest. They are seen as an important supplement to public transport in suburban areas that could otherwise not be served economically. Besides, clock-face scheduling of transport services can be increased and demand-responsive transit can be introduced easily and at a reasonable cost. Especially that part of the population without a driving license could highly benefit, increase self-sufficiency and quality of life. Due to a lack of systems in operation, recent user studies in this area have been conducted using surveys or simulated environments (Wizard-of-Oz, VR). In this article, we discuss the results of two user studies conducted with an automated shuttle bus operating in the field. Its aim was to assess user experience, acceptance and (mis)trust of technology from both the perspective of passengers inside the vehicle as well as vulnerable road users interacting with the vehicle in public space and to derive recommendations for the market introduction of similar services on a broader scale. Our results show that trust in/acceptance of automated shuttle buses is already high, but indicate also problems, such as a rather low driving speed (less use compared to walking) or unforeseeable maneuvers. In particular, the communication with other traffic participants in the exterior needs to be improved, e.g., with simple and standardized eHMIs, and the driving behavior should be adjusted to that of a conventional vehicle.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.ostbayernbus.de/ostbayernbus/view/angebot/buslinien/autonomer_bus.shtml, last access March 20, 2020.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks go to the municipality of Bad Birnbach and the management of the Rottal Thermal Spa for their help in recruiting study participants, Deutsche Bahn for their mandate to evaluate the automated shuttle, as well as Isabella Thang, Katharina Frison, and Andreas Löcken for their contributions to the studies and the publications which provided the basis for this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CARISSMA Institute of Automated Driving (C-IAD), Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI), Esplanade 10, 85049, Ingolstadt, Germany

    Philipp Wintersberger & Andreas Riener

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  1. Philipp Wintersberger
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Correspondence to Philipp Wintersberger .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CARISSMA Institute of Automated Driving (C-IAD), Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany

    Andreas Riener

  2. Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    Myounghoon Jeon

  3. Systems and Software Research, Autonomous Driving Research Lab, Intel Labs, Portland, OR, USA

    Ignacio Alvarez

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Wintersberger, P., Riener, A. (2022). In-Situ Analysis of Behavior Patterns and User Experience of Automated Shuttle Bus Users. In: Riener, A., Jeon, M., Alvarez, I. (eds) User Experience Design in the Era of Automated Driving. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 980. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77726-5_19

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