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Non-invasive Removal of Phosphorus from Lakes Using Processed Calcite-Based Materials

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Chemical Lake Restoration

Abstract

In this study, milled ground calcium carbonate (GCC) consisting of calcite is developed as an orthophosphate (OP) binding agent to be used in a strategy for non-invasive orthophosphate (OP) removal from eutrophic lakes. Planetary ball mill and 74 different grinding methods were applied differing in grinding time (0.5–24 h), grinding force (150–400 rpm) and mass of grinding balls (150–500 g). The obtained materials had  specific diameter d90 of 7.3–86.6 µm and specific surface area (SSA) of 4.9–24.0 m2/g. Grinding resulted in 98% OP removal, being five times higher compared to the initial GCC material (21%). Grinding substantially improved OP removal’s ability as compared to the source GCC, without using chemicals, and at low cost. Such GCC materials were used to develop a strategy for non-invasive OP removal from the aquatic environment  which assumes application of a GCC containing carrier into the water body and its subsequent removal. Three different solutions were analysed, differing in type and the adjustment of the carrier’s adhering to GCC. GCC efficiency on/in a carrier was reduced due to embedded GCC grains in glue (on laminates) or limited water exchange caused by the carrier (in bags). Technical conditions for two of the tested solutions allowed the effective use of GCC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Pro-Environmental Remediation Solutions Ltd, ul. Poznańska 1, Nielbark, 13306, Kurzętnik, Poland

    Dorota Pryputniewicz-Flis, Jakub Idźkowski, Łukasz Kozłowicz & Grzegorz Brenk

  2. Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Applied Geology, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 St., 02776, Warsaw, Poland

    Agnieszka Bańkowska-Sobczak

  3. Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Universyty of Gdańsk, Av. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81378, Gdynia, Poland

    Dorota Burska

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  1. Dorota Pryputniewicz-Flis
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  2. Agnieszka Bańkowska-Sobczak
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Contributions

This research was financially supported by The National Centre of Research and Development No GEKON2/03/267948/21/2016 and European Union’s and Republic of Poland within the Smart Growth Operational Programme 2014–2020, Priority axis I: Support for R&D activity of enterprises, R&D projects of enterprises, Industrial Research and Development Works (grant number POIR.01.01.01-00-0981/17-00).

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Correspondence to Agnieszka Bańkowska-Sobczak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece

    Miltiadis G. Zamparas

  2. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos

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Pryputniewicz-Flis, D., Bańkowska-Sobczak, A., Burska, D., Idźkowski, J., Kozłowicz, Ł., Brenk, G. (2021). Non-invasive Removal of Phosphorus from Lakes Using Processed Calcite-Based Materials. In: Zamparas, M.G., Kyriakopoulos, G.L. (eds) Chemical Lake Restoration. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76380-0_6

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