Abstract
Most of the human body’s biomineralization is due to collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) of such as dentin, cementum, bone, and cartilage (lacking in mature dental tissues). The ECM of these tissues is formed by mesenchymal cells, odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and at some specific period by chondrocytes. When these tissues are fully formed, ECM and cellular components remain in the matrix to provide bioreactivity via occasional modeling and remodeling.
Unlike the mesenchymally derived mineralized tissues, the ECM of dental enamel is non-collagenous and synthesized by epithelial cells (ameloblasts). Mineralization of the enamel matrix is unique in that it ends in removing the majority of the organic matrix. This process makes the enamel matrix highly mineralized. Fully formed enamel is an acellular structure that covers the erupted tooth crown.
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Nakano, Y., DenBesten, P., Goldberg, M. (2021). Structure of Collagen-Derived Mineralized Tissues (Dentin, Cementum, and Bone) and Non-collagenous Extra Cellular Matrix of Enamel. In: Goldberg, M., Den Besten, P. (eds) Extracellular Matrix Biomineralization of Dental Tissue Structures. Biology of Extracellular Matrix, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76283-4_1
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