Abstract
Mechanical ventilation replaces or supplements the respiratory muscles’ activity. Invasive mechanical ventilation is performed using a device that bypasses the upper airways, such as the nasal/orotracheal tube or the tracheostomy tube. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), on the other hand, uses an interface that does not bypass the upper airways, thus avoiding some of the complications associated with intubation and improving patient comfort. Noninvasive ventilation techniques can be used using positive or negative pressure ventilators.
Negative pressure ventilation, most widely used during the first half of the twentieth century, had some disadvantages such as patient discomfort, difficult ventilation in subjects with variable anatomical conformations, and poor handling of the equipment. This led to a progressive replacement, after the 1970s, of negative pressure ventilators with new positive pressure ventilation systems.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- ACPE:
-
Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- ALI:
-
Acute lung injury
- ARF:
-
Acute respiratory failure
- CNEP:
-
Continuous extrathoracic negative pressure
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CPAP:
-
Continuous positive airway pressure
- NEEP:
-
Negative end-expiratory pression
- NIV:
-
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation
- NPV:
-
Negative pressure ventilation
- OSAS:
-
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
- PCV:
-
Pressure-controlled ventilation
- PEEP:
-
Positive end-expiratory pression
- PSV:
-
Pressure support ventilation
- VCV:
-
Volume-controlled ventilation
References
Corrado A., Gorini M., Villella G, et al. Negative Pressure Ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure: an old non-invasive technique reconsidered. Eur Respir J 1996; 9:1531–1544.
Corrado A, Gorini M. Negative-pressure ventilation: is there still a role? Eur Respir J. 2002;20:187–97.
Bunnel S. The use of nitrous oxide and oxygen to maintain anesthesia and positive pressure for thoracic surgery. JAMA. 1912;58:835–8.
Barach AL, Martin J, Eckman M. Positive-pressure respiration and its application to the treatment of acute pulmonary edema. Ann Intern Med. 1938;12:754–95.
Elliot MW, Steven MH, Phillips GD, et al. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure. BMJ. 1990;300:358–60.
Brochard L, Mancebo J, Wysocki M, et al. Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:817–22.
Meduri GU, Conoscenti CC, Menashe P, et al. Noninvasive face mask ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Chest. 1989;95:865–70.
Kramer N, Meyer TJ, Meharg J, et al. Randomized, prospective trial of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;151:1799–806.
Collins SP, Mielniczuk LM, Whittingham HA, et al. The use of noninvasive ventilation in emergency department patients whit acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a systematic review. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48:260–9.
Gray A, Goodacre S, Newby DE, et al. Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:142–51.
Rochard B, Brochard L, Elliot MW, et al. Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure. Eur Respir J. 2017;50:1602426.
Winck JC, Ambrosino N. COVID-19 pandemic and non-invasive respiratory management: every Goliath needs a David. An evidence based evaluation of problems. Pulmonology 2020;26(4):213–220.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Torretta, G., Pace, M.C., Fiore, M. (2021). Negative and Positive Noninvasive Pressure Ventilation. In: Esquinas, A.M. (eds) Pulmonary Function Measurement in Noninvasive Ventilatory Support. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-76196-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-76197-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)