Abstract
The central nervous system infections that are neurological emergencies are meningitis, encephalitis, focal infectious mass lesions (brain abscess and subdural empyema), and spinal epidural abscess. This chapter will review the diagnosis and management of these neuroinfectious diseases.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Klein JO, Feigin RD, McCracken GH. Report of the task force on diagnosis and management of meningitis. Pediatrics. 1986;78S:959–82.
Valmari P, Peltola H, Ruuskanen O, et al. Childhood bacterial meningitis: initial symptoms and signs related to age, and reasons for consulting a physician. Eur J Pediatr. 1987;146:515–8.
Gardner P. Prevention of meningococcal disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1466–73.
Connolly KJ, Hammer SM. The acute aseptic meningitis syndrome. Infect Dis Clin N Am. 1990;4:599–622.
Adair CV, Gauld RL, Smadel JE. Aseptic meningitis, a disease of diverse etiology: clinical and etiologic studies on 854 cases. Ann Intern Med. 1953;39:675–704.
Wallgren A. Une nouvelle maladie infectieuse du systeme nerveux central: (meningite aseptique aique). Acta Pediatr. 1925;4:158–82.
Schut ES, de Gans J, van de Beek D. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. Pract Neurol. 2008;8:8–23.
Marton KL, Gean AD. The spinal tap: a new look at an old test. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:840–8.
Radmard S, Reid S, Ciryam P, Boubour A, et al. Clinical utilization of the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (ME) multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Assay. Front Neurol. 2019;10:281.
Blanc F, Jaulhac B, Fleury M, de Seze J. Relevance of the antibody index to diagnose Lyme neuroborreliosis among seropositive patients. Neurology. 2007;69:953–8.
Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, Kaufman BA, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:1267–84.
Chaudhuri A, Martin PM, Kennedy PGE, Andrew Seaton R, et al. EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis: report of an EFNS task force on acute bacterial meningitis in older children and adults. Eur J Neurol. 2008;15:649–59.
Tunkel AR, Glaser CA, Bloch KC, Sejvar JJ, Marra CM, Roos KL, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, Scheld WM, Whitley RJ. The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:303–27.
Gilden DH, Cohrs RJ, Mahalingam R. VZV vasculopathy and postherpetic neuralgia: progress and perspective on antiviral therapy. Neurology. 2005;64:21–5.
Sexton DJ, Dasch GA. Rickettsial and ehrlichial infections. In: Roos KL, editor. Principles of neurologic infectious diseases. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005. p. 327–42.
Kirkland KB, Wilkerson WE, Sexton DJ. Therapeutic delay and mortality in cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20:1118–21.
Akins PT, Belko J, Uyeki TM, Axelrod Y, et al. H1N1 encephalitis with malignant edema and review of neurologic complications from influenza. Neurocrit Care. 2010;13:396–406.
Reihsaus E, Waldbaur H, Seeling W. Spinal epidural abscess: a meta-analysis of 915 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2000;232:175–204.
Lury K, Smith JK, Castillo M. Imaging of spinal infections. Semin Roentgenol. 2006;41(4):363–79.
Heusner AP. Nontuberculous spinal epidural infections. N Engl J Med. 1948;239:845.
Darouiche RO. Spinal epidural abscess. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2012–20.
Darouiche RO. Spinal epidural abscess and subdural empyema. In: Roos KL, Tunkel AR, editors. Bacterial infections of the central nervous system, handbook of clinical neurology. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2010. p. 91–100.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roos, K.L. (2021). Central Nervous System Infections. In: Roos, K.L. (eds) Emergency Neurology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75778-6_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75778-6_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-75777-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-75778-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)