Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nerve Involvement in Oral Surgery

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Innovative Perspectives in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Abstract

Injuries to peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve (TN5) are known and accepted risks of many dental and surgical procedures in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Such trigeminal nerve injury causes include local anesthetic injections, dentoalveolar surgery (especially the removal of impacted teeth), placement of dental implants, root canal therapy, orthognathic surgery, ablative surgery for benign or malignant pathology, and salivary gland surgery on the floor of the mouth. Maxillofacial trauma, as well as the surgical procedures to repair the injuries to bone and soft tissue, may also injure TN5 branches. With the increased number of dental implants being placed, there has also been an increased number of TN5 injuries associated with the placement of dental implants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Al-Moraissi EA, Ellis E. Is there a difference in stability of neurosensory function between bilateral sagittal Split ramus osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy for mandibular setback? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;73(7):1360–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA. Dental implant-related injuries of the trigeminal nerve. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 87–107.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA. When to refer a patient with a nerve injury to a specialist. J Am Den Assoc. 2014;145:859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA, Khan HA, et al. A restrospective review of microsurgical repair of 222 lingual nerve injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;68(4):715–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA, Ali Khan H, et al. Microsurgical repair of the peripheral trigeminal nerve after mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68(11):2770–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA, Khan HA, Steed MB. Microsurgical repair of peripheral trigeminal nerve injuries from maxillofacial trauma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67(9):1791–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA, Khan HA, et al. Microsurgical repair of the inferior alveolar nerve: success rate and factors that adversely affect outcome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;70(8):1978–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Behnia H, Kheradvar A, Shahrokhi M. An Anatomic study of the lingual nerve in the third molar region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;58(6):649–51.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Callahan N, Miloro M, Markiewics MR. Immediate reconstruction of the infraorbital nerve after maxillectomy: is it feasible? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(12):2300–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ehland EL, Meyer RA, Bagheri SC. Trigeminal nerve injuries. In: Bagheri SC, Khan HA, Stevens MR, editors. Complex dental implant complications. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2020. p. 217–37.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Essick GK, Blakey G, Phillips C. Neurosensory rehabilitation. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New Yrok City: Springer; 2013. p. 167–98.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Farole A, Jamal B. A bioabsorbable collagen nerve cuff (NeuraGen) for repair of lingual and inferior alveolar nerve injuries: a case series. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66(10):2058–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kiesselbach JE, Chamberlain JG. Clinical and anatomic observations on the relationship of the lingual nerve to the mandibular third molar region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;42(9):565–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Meyer RA. Nerve harvesting procedures. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin N Am. 2001;9:77–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Meyer RA. Immediate inferior alveolar nerve gap reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021;79(3):509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Meyer RA, Bagheri SC. Clinical evaluation of nerve injuries. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 167–98.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Meyer RA, Bagheri SC. Etiology and prevention of nerve injuries. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 27–61.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Meyer RA, Rath EM. Sensory rehabilitation after trigeminal nerve injury or nerve repair. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2001;13:365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Miloro M, Kolokythas A. Imaging of the trigeminal nerve. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 199–212.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Miloro M, Zuniga JR. Does immediate inferior alveolar nerve allograft reconstruction result in functional sensory recovery in pediatric patients? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(11):2073–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pogrel MA. The results of microneurosurgery of the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002;60(5):485–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Salomon D, Miloro M, Kolokythas A. Outcomes of immediate allograft reconstruction of long-span defects of the inferior alveolar nerve. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;74(12):2507–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Seddon HJ. A classification of nerve injuries. Br Med J. 1942;2(4260):237–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Susarla SM, Kaban LB, Donoff RB, Dodson TB. Does early repair of lingual nerve injuries improve functional sensory recovery? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;65(6):1070–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sittitavornwong S, et al. Clinical anatomy of the lingual nerve: a review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017;75(5):926e.1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wilson M, Chuang S, Ziccardi V. Lingual nerve microsurgery outcomes using 2 different conduits: a retrospective cohort study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;75(3):609–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Wolford LM, Rodrigues DB. Nerve grafts and conduits. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal Nerve Injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 271–89.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Yampolsy A, Ziccardi V, Chuang SK. Efficacy of acellular nerve allografts in trigeminal nerve reconstruction. J Oral Maxillfac Surg. 2007;75(10):2230–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Zuniga JR. Possible microneurosurgery fellowship, unpublished comments, 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Zuniga JR, Meyer RA, Gregg JM, et al. The accuracy of clinical neurosensory testing for nerve injury diagnosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998;56:2.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Zuniga JR, Radwan AM. Classification of nerve injuries. In: Miloro M, editor. Trigeminal nerve injuries. New York City: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 17–25.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Zuniga JR, Williams F, Petrisor D. A case-and-control, multisite, positive controlled, prospective study of the safety and effectiveness of immediate inferior alveolar nerve processed nerve allograft reconstruction with ablation of the mandible for benign pathology. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017;75(12):2669–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zuniga JR, Yates DM, Phillips CL. The presence of neuropathic pain predicts postoperative neuropathic pain following trigeminal nerve repair. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;72(12):2422–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Georgia Oral and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Kristopher L. Hasstedt & Shahrokh C. Bagheri

  2. Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Roger A. Meyer

  3. Maxillofacial Consultations, Ltd., Greensboro, GA, USA

    Roger A. Meyer

  4. Medical College of Georgia, August, GA, USA

    Roger A. Meyer

  5. Private Practice: Georgia Oral and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Marietta, GA, USA

    Roger A. Meyer

Authors
  1. Kristopher L. Hasstedt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Roger A. Meyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shahrokh C. Bagheri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kristopher L. Hasstedt .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA

    Mark R. Stevens

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA

    Shohreh Ghasemi

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Reza Tabrizi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hasstedt, K.L., Meyer, R.A., Bagheri, S.C. (2021). Nerve Involvement in Oral Surgery. In: Stevens, M.R., Ghasemi, S., Tabrizi, R. (eds) Innovative Perspectives in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75750-2_36

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75750-2_36

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-75749-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-75750-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation