Abstract
The open die forging/upsetting of bulk material to a cone shape involves high plastic deformation. The plastic strain causes major changes in the material’s mechanical and metallurgical characteristics. In order to gain a better understanding of these characteristic changes, experimental, analytical, and numerical models were developed and studied. First, sample material properties and friction conditions (with several lubricants) were measured. Next, analytical models (upper bound and slab method) simulated the forging forces and the results were compared to results from a finite element (FE) model. These were then compared with the experimental findings using C101 copper. The preformed samples were surface etched with a grid pattern and the strain caused by the forming operations was measured from the grid changes. The flow pattern was inspected and compared with the outcomes using a similar material and a numerical model. A good resemblance was found between the experimental results and the theoretical models.
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Shirizly, A., Harpaz, G., Shmuel, A. (2021). Open Die Forging of Copper Cone. In: Daehn, G., Cao, J., Kinsey, B., Tekkaya, E., Vivek, A., Yoshida, Y. (eds) Forming the Future. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_44
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_44
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