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Naming: Nouns and Verbs

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Intraoperative Mapping of Cognitive Networks

Abstract

Intraoperative mapping of the neural processes that support noun and verb production has generally focused on naming of objects and actions. Action naming has been proposed as a good complement to object naming for intraoperative language mapping. While action naming taps into similar language functions as object naming, the processing of verbs may also recruit partially different neural substrates and tap into morphosyntactic processes that are particularly relevant in everyday communication. In this chapter, we review the neural basis of object and action naming, long-term deficits in people who did not benefit from its intraoperative use, knowledge gained from lesion-symptom mapping, variations in the design of these tasks, functional improvement as a function of the type of mapping carried out, and some of the anatomo-functional knowledge we have from prior studies on awake mapping. Finally, we step back to situate action naming in two broader contexts: a subtype of verb processing on the one hand, and nonlinguistic knowledge of objects and actions more generally. Looking forward, there are many exciting questions to be pursued using action naming in an intraoperative context, and the clinical preparation afforded by awake language mapping holds tremendous potential to disclose new insights about the neural basis of nouns and verbs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Drs. Barbara Zarino, Djaina Satoer, Gabriele Miceli, Marla Hamberger, Costanza Papagno, and Effrosyni Ntemou for answering questions regarding specific action naming paradigms and for clarifications of their studies. We thank Ann-Katrin Ohlerth and Effrosyni Ntemou for providing the image used in Fig. 11.2. We are grateful to Drs. Emmanuel Mandonnet, Guillaume Herbet, and Webster Pilcher for comments on an earlier draft, and to Dr. Srdjan Popov for clarifying some aspects of linguistic theory. Preparation of this article was supported, in part, by NIH grants R01NS089069 and R01EY028535 to BZM.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Arts—Neurolinguistics and Language Development, Center for Language and Cognition, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Adrià Rofes

  2. Department of Psychology, Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Bradford Z. Mahon

  3. Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Bradford Z. Mahon

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY, USA

    Bradford Z. Mahon

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  1. Adrià Rofes
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  2. Bradford Z. Mahon
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Correspondence to Adrià Rofes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris Brain Institute (ICM) and Paris University, Paris, France

    Emmanuel Mandonnet

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier & Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France

    Guillaume Herbet

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Rofes, A., Mahon, B.Z. (2021). Naming: Nouns and Verbs. In: Mandonnet, E., Herbet, G. (eds) Intraoperative Mapping of Cognitive Networks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75071-8_11

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