Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Parkinson’s Disease

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Pragmatic Language Disorders

  • 1590 Accesses

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative illness that leads to motor difficulties, cognitive impairments and impairments in social communication abilities that impact negatively on the psychosocial well-being of those living with the disease. Communication difficulties can arise as secondary consequences of motor symptoms (e.g. slurring of speech) or cognitive deficits (e.g. executive dysfunction), or they can be directly affected by how the neurodegenerative pathology of PD affects critical regions of the ‘social brain.’ Research shows the people with PD have difficulties understanding indirect (non-literal) meanings, emotional connotations of verbal cues, metaphorical expressions, and the social-pragmatic implications of indirect speech acts (such as interpreting irony or veiled requests). Adults with PD also have notable deficits in the perception of socioemotional cues from facial and vocal expressions and the ability to understand another person’s perspective or mental state. This chapter provides a critical overview of how PD affects pragmatic performance in the areas of verbal communication and social cognition, explores the complex relationship between communication, cognitive, and sensory-motor functions, and considers current and yet-to-be-tested therapeutic approaches which might alleviate the impact of pragmatic impairments in individuals with PD.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aarsland, D., Andersen, K., Larsen, J. P., Lolk, A., & Kragh-Sorensen, P. (2003). Prevalence and characteristics of dementia in Parkinson’s disease: An 8-year prospective study. Archives of Neurology, 60(3), 387–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abbassi, E., Blanchette, I., Ansaldo, A. I., Ghassemzadeh, H., & Joanette, Y. (2015). Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: The role of superficial vs. deep types of processing. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 975. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ackeren, M. J., Casasanto, D., Bekkering, H., Hagoort, P., & Rueschemeyer, S. (2012). Pragmatics in action: Indirect requests engage theory of mind areas and the cortical motor network. Journal of Cognitive Neurosciences, 24(11), 2237–2247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adolphs, R., Schul, R., & Tranel, D. (1998). Intact recognition of facial emotion in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 12(2), 253–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aiello, M., Eleopra, R., Lettieri, C., Mondani, M., D’Auria, S., Belgrado, E., Piani, A., De Simone, L., Rinaldo, S., & Rumiati, R. I. (2014). Emotion recognition in Parkinson’s disease after subthalamic deep brain stimulation: Differential effects of microlesion and STN stimulation. Cortex, 51, 35–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albuquerque, L., Coelho, M., Martins, M., Guedes, L. C., Rosa, M. M., Ferreira, J. J., Cattoni, M. B., Carvalho, H., Ferreira, A. G., & Martins, I. P. (2014). STN-DBS does not change emotion recognition in advanced Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 20(2), 166–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R., & Strick, P. L. (1986). Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 9, 357–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alonso-Recio, L., Martín-Plasencia, P., Loeches-Alonso, Á., & Serrano-Rodríguez, J. M. (2014). Working memory and facial expression recognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 20(5), 496–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alvar, A. M., Lee, J., & Huber, J. E. (2019). Filled pauses as a special case of automatic speech behaviors and the effect of Parkinson’s disease. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 28(2S), 835–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Author.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Angwin, A. J., Dissanayaka, N. N., Moorcroft, A., McMahon, K. L., Silburn, P. A., & Copland, D. A. (2017). A neurophysiological study of semantic processing in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 23(1), 78–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Apperly, I. A. (2008). Beyond simulation-theory and theory-theory: Why social cognitive neuroscience should use its own concepts to study “theory of mind”. Cognition, 107(1), 266–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argaud, S., Vérin, M., Sauleau, P., & Grandjean, D. (2018). Facial emotion recognition in Parkinson’s disease: A review and new hypotheses. Movement Disorders, 33(4), 554–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, C., Gehrig, J., Gispert, S., Seifried, C., & Kell, C. A. (2014). Pathomechanisms and compensatory efforts related to Parkinsonian speech. NeuroImage: Clinical, 4, 82–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ash, S., McMillan, C., Gross, R. G., Cook, P., Gunawardena, D., Morgan, B., Boller, A., Siderowf, A., & Grossman, M. (2012). Impairments of speech fluency in Lewy body spectrum disorder. Brain and Language, 120(3), 290–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Assogna, F., Pontieri, F. E., Cravello, L., Peppe, A., Pierantozzi, M., Stefani, A., Stanzione, P., Pellicano, C., Caltagirone, C., & Spalletta, G. (2010). Intensity-dependent facial emotion recognition and cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16(5), 867–876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auclair-Ouellet, N., Chantal, S., Cantin, L., Prud’homme, M., Langlois, M., & Macoir, J. (2011). Transient executive dysfunction following STNDBS in Parkinson’s disease. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 38(2), 360–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auclair-Ouellet, N., Lieberman, P., & Monchi, O. (2017). Contribution of language studies to the understanding of cognitive impairment and its progression over time in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 80, 657–672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bayram, E., Aslanbaba, E., & Akbostanci, M. C. (2019). Levodopa effect on spontaneous speech in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 51, 194–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berg, E., Björnram, C., Hartelius, L., Laakso, K., & Johnels, B. O. (2003). High-level language difficulties in Parkinson’s disease. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 17(1), 63–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berney, A., Panisset, M., Sadikot, A. F., Ptito, A., Dagher, A., Fraraccio, M., Savard, G., Pell, M., & Benkelfat, C. (2007). Mood stability during acute stimulator challenge in Parkinson’s disease patients under long-term treatment with subthalamic deep brain stimulation. Movement Disorders, 22(8), 1093–1096.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biundo, R., Weis, L., Fiorenzato, E., & Antonini, A. (2017). Cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: Is it feasible? Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32(7), 840–860.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bodden, M. E., Dodel, R., & Kalbe, E. (2010). Theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease and related basal ganglia disorders: A systematic review. Movement Disorders, 25(1), 13–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonelli, R. M., & Cummings, J. L. (2007). Frontal-subcortical circuitry and behavior. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 9(2), 141–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bora, E., Walterfang, M., & Velakoulis, D. (2015). Theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis. Behavioural Brain Research, 292, 515–520.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borg, C., Bedoin, N., Bogey, S., Michael, G. A., Poujois, A., Laurent, B., & Thomas-Antérion, C. (2012). Implicit and explicit emotional processing in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34(3), 289–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borod, J. C., Welkowitz, J., Alpert, M., Brozgold, A. Z., Martin, C., Peselow, E., & Diller, L. (1990). Parameters of emotional processing in neuropsychiatric disorders: Conceptual issues and a battery of tests. Journal of Communication Disorders, 23(4–5), 247–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowdle, B. F., & Gentner, D. (2005). The career of metaphor. Psychological Review, 112(1), 193–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brabenec, L., Mekyska, J., Galaz, Z., & Rektorova, I. (2017). Speech disorders in Parkinson’s disease: Early diagnostics and effects of medication and brain stimulation. Journal of Neural Transmission, 124(3), 303–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breitenstein, C., Van Lancker, D., Daum, I., & Waters, C. H. (2001). Impaired perception of vocal emotions in Parkinson’s disease: Influence of speech time processing and executive functioning. Brain and Cognition, 45(2), 277–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, R. G., & Marsden, C. D. (1991). Dual task performance and processing resources in normal subjects and patients with Parkinson’s disease. Brain, 114(1), 215–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brück, C., Wildgruber, D., Kreifelts, B., Krüger, R., & Wächter, T. (2011). Effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation on emotional prosody comprehension in Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 6(4), e19140. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brüne, M., & Brüne-Cohrs, U. (2006). Theory of mind – evolution, ontogeny, brain mechanisms and psychopathology. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(4), 437–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buter, T. C., van den Hout, A., Matthews, F. E., Larsen, J. P., Brayne, C., & Aarsland, D. (2008). Dementia and survival in Parkinson’s disease: A 12-year population study. Neurology, 70(13), 1017–1022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton, S. L., MacDonald, L., & Tippett, L. J. (2013). Impaired recognition of prosody and subtle emotional facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease. Behavioral Neuroscience, 127(2), 193–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caffi, C., & Janney, R. W. (1994). Toward a pragmatics of emotive communication. Journal of Pragmatics, 22(3–4), 325–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardillo, E. R., Watson, C. E., Schmidt, G. L., Kranjec, A., & Chatterjee, A. (2012). From novel to familiar: Tuning the brain for metaphors. NeuroImage, 59(4), 3212–3221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, S. M., Koenig, M. A., & Harms, M. B. (2013). Theory of mind. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4(4), 391–402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castner, J. E., Chenery, H. J., Copland, D. A., Coyne, T. J., Sinclair, F., & Silburn, P. A. (2007). Semantic and affective priming as a function of stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease. Brain, 130(5), 1395–1407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cerasa, A., Gioia, M. C., Salsone, M., Donzuso, G., Chiriaco, C., Realmuto, S., Nicoletti, A., Bellavia, G., Banco, A., D’amelio, M., Zappia, M., & Quattrone, A. (2014). Neurofunctional correlates of attention rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: An explorative study. Neurological Sciences, 35(8), 1173–1180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Champagne-Lavau, M., & Joanette, Y. (2009). Pragmatics, theory of mind and executive functions after a right-hemisphere lesion: Different patterns of deficits. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 22(5), 413–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheang, H. S., & Pell, M. D. (2007). An acoustic investigation of Parkinsonian speech in linguistic and emotional contexts. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 20(3), 221–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, K. S., & Chen, R. (2019). Invasive and noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: Clinical effects and future perspectives. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 106(4), 763–775. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, U. S., Neargarder, S., & Cronin-Golomb, A. (2010). Visual exploration of emotional facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 48(7), 1901–1913.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Combs, H. L., Folley, B. S., Berry, D. T., Segerstrom, S. C., Han, D. Y., Anderson-Mooney, A. J., Walls, B. D., & van Horne, C. (2015). Cognition and depression following deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus pars internus in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 25(4), 439–454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cools, R., Barker, R. A., Sahakian, B. J., & Robbins, T. W. (2001). Enhanced or impaired cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease as a function of dopaminergic medication and task demands. Cerebral Cortex, 11(12), 1136–1143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cools, R., Ivry, R. B., & D’Esposito, M. (2006). The human striatum is necessary for responding to changes in stimulus relevance. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(12), 1973–1983.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, A., Peppe, A., Martini, M., Coletta, K., Oliveri, M., Caltagirone, C., & Carlesimo, G. A. (2013). Parkinsonian patients with deficits in the dysexecutive spectrum are impaired on theory of mind tasks. Behavioural Neurology, 27(4), 523–533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cotelli, M., Borroni, B., Manenti, R., Zanetti, M., Arévalo, A., Cappa, S. F., & Padovani, A. (2007). Action and object naming in Parkinson’s disease without dementia. European Journal of Neurology, 14(6), 632–637.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coundouris, S. P., Adams, A. G., Grainger, S. A., & Henry, J. D. (2019). Social perceptual function in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 255–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cousins, R., Hanley, J. R., Davies, A. D., Turnbull, C. J., & Playfer, J. R. (2000). Understanding memory for faces in Parkinson’s disease: The role of configural processing. Neuropsychologia, 38(6), 837–847.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings, J. L., Darkins, A., Mendez, M., Hill, M. A., & Benson, D. F. (1988). Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease: Comparison of speech and language alterations. Neurology, 38(5), 680–684.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dara, C., Monetta, L., & Pell, M. D. (2008). Vocal emotion processing in Parkinson’s disease: Reduced sensitivity to negative emotions. Brain Research, 1188, 100–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darley, F. L., Aronson, A. E., & Brown, J. R. (1969). Differential diagnostic patterns of dysarthria. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 12(2), 246–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewick, H. C., Hanley, J. R., Davies, A. D. M., Playfer, J., & Turnbull, C. (1991). Perception and memory for faces in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 29(8), 785–802.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Díez-Cirarda, M., Ibarretxe-Bilbao, N., Peña, J., & Ojeda, N. (2018). Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease. Neural Regeneration Research, 13(2), 226–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dissanayaka, N. N., Au, T. R., Angwin, A. J., O’Sullivan, J. D., Byrne, G. J., Silburn, P. A., Marsh, R., Mellick, G. D., & Copland, D. A. (2017). N400 and emotional word processing in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 31(6), 585–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dreyer, F. R., Frey, D., Arana, S., Saldern, S. V., Picht, T., Vajkoczy, P., & Pulvermüller, F. (2015). Is the motor system necessary for processing action and abstract emotion words? Evidence from focal brain lesions. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1661. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01661

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekman, P., & Cordaro, D. (2011). What is meant by calling emotions basic? Emotion Review, 3(4), 364–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elfenbein, H., & Ambady, N. (2002). On the universality and cultural specificity of emotion recognition: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 128(2), 203–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fabbri, M., Vitale, C., Cuoco, S., Beracci, A., Calabrese, R., Cordella, M., Mazzotta, R., Barone, P., Pellecchia, M. T., & Santangelo, G. (2018). Theory of mind and joint action in Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 18(6), 1320–1337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandino, L., Conant, L. L., Binder, J. R., Blindauer, K., Hiner, B., Spangler, K., & Desai, R. H. (2013). Parkinson’s disease disrupts both automatic and controlled processing of action verbs. Brain and Language, 127(1), 65–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fine, C., Lumsden, J., & Blair, R. J. R. (2001). Dissociation between “theory of mind” and executive functions in a patient with early left amygdala damage. Brain, 124(2), 287–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, E. R., & Hershey, T. (2011). Everyday executive function is associated with activity participation in Parkinson disease without dementia. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 31(1 Suppl), S16–S22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, M., & Stuss, D. T. (2011). Theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 310(1–2), 225–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frith, U., & Frith, C. D. (2003). Development and neurophysiology of mentalizing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 358(1431), 459–473.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabrieli, J., Singh, J., Stevvins, G. T., & Goetz, C. (1996). Reduced working memory span in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence for the role of the frontostriatal system in working and strategic memory. Neuropsychology, 10(3), 322–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrido-Vásquez, P., Pell, M. D., Paulmann, S., Strecker, K., Schwarz, J., & Kotz, S. A. (2013). An ERP study of vocal emotion processing in asymmetric Parkinson’s disease. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(8), 918–927.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrido-Vásquez, P., Pell, M. D., Paulmann, S., Sehm, B., & Kotz, S. A. (2016). Impaired neural processing of dynamic faces in left-onset Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 82, 123–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaudreau, G., Monetta, L., Macoir, J., Laforce, R., Jr., Poulin, S., & Hudon, C. (2013). Verbal irony comprehension in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology, 27(6), 702–712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, R. W. (1999). Researching metaphor. In L. Cameron & G. Low (Eds.), Researching and applying metaphor (pp. 29–47). Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, R. W. (2000). Irony in talk among friends. Metaphor and Symbol, 15(1–2), 5–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giora, R. (1999). On the priority of salient meanings: Studies of literal and figurative language. Journal of Pragmatics, 31(7), 919–929.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goberman, A. M., & Coelho, C. (2002). Acoustic analysis of Parkinsonian speech I: Speech characteristics and L-Dopa therapy. NeuroRehabilitation, 17(3), 237–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gotham, A. M., Brown, R. G., & Marsden, C. D. (1986). Levodopa treatment may benefit or impair "frontal" function in Parkinson’s disease. The Lancet, 328(8513), 970–971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gotham, A. M., Brown, R. G., & Marsden, C. D. (1988). ‘Frontal’ cognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease ‘on’ and ‘off’ levodopa. Brain, 111(2), 299–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, H. M., & Tickle-Degnen, L. (2010). A meta-analysis of performance on emotion recognition tasks in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 24(2), 176–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts (Vol. 3, pp. 41–58). Academic.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, M., Zurif, E., Lee, C., Prather, P., Kalmanson, J., Stern, M. B., & Hurtig, H. I. (2002). Information processing speed and sentence comprehension in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 16(2), 174–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, M., Cooke, A., DeVita, C., Lee, C., Alsop, D., Detre, J. E., Gee, J., Chen, W., Stern, M. B., & Hurtig, H. I. (2003). Grammatical and resource components of sentence processing in Parkinson’s disease: An fMRI study. Neurology, 60(5), 775–781.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haber, S. N. (2003). The primate basal ganglia: Parallel and integrative networks. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, 26(4), 317–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Habermann, B., & Davis, L. L. (2005). Caring for family with Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 31(6), 49–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, D., Ouyang, B., Lonnquist, E., & Newcombe, J. (2011). Pragmatic communication is impaired in Parkinson disease. International Journal of Neuroscience, 121(5), 254–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, C. H., Rick, J. H., Danish, S. F., Grossman, M., & Baltuch, G. H. (2009). Cognition following bilateral deep brain stimulation surgery of the subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson’s disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(5), 443–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasson-Ohayon, I., Mashiach-Eizenberg, M., Arnon-Ribenfeld, N., Kravetz, S., & Roe, D. (2017). Neuro-cognition and social cognition elements of social functioning and social quality of life. Psychiatry Research, 258, 538–543.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hemmesch, A. R. (2014). The detrimental effects of atypical nonverbal behavior on older adults’ first impressions of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Psychology and Aging, 29(3), 521–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hemmesch, A. R., Tickle-Degnen, L., & Zebrowitz, L. A. (2009). The influence of facial masking and sex on older adults’ impressions of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Psychology and Aging, 24(3), 542–549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hillier, A., Beversdorf, D. Q., Raymer, A. M., Williamson, D. J. G., & Heilman, K. M. (2007). Abnormal emotional word ratings in Parkinson’s disease. Neurocase, 13(2), 81–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hipp, G., Diederich, N. J., Pieria, V., & Vaillant, M. (2014). Primary vision and facial emotion recognition in early Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 338(1–2), 178–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirai, M., Sakurada, T., & Muramatsu, S. I. (2019). Face-to-trait inferences in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(2), 170–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holyoak, K. J., & Stamenković, D. (2018). Metaphor comprehension: A critical review of theories and evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 144(6), 641–671.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holtgraves, T. (1994). Communication in context: Effects of speaker status on the comprehension of indirect requests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(5), 1205–1218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, C., & Leekam, S. (2004). What are the links between theory of mind and social relations? Review, reflections and new directions for studies of typical and atypical development. Social Development, 13(4), 590–619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Illes, J. (1989). Neurolinguistic features of spontaneous language production dissociate three forms of neurodegenerative disease: Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. Brain and Language, 37(4), 628–642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iyer, K. K., Au, T. R., Angwin, A. J., Copland, D. A., & Dissanayaka, N. N. (2019). Source activity during emotion processing and its relationship to cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Affective Disorders, 253, 327–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jankovic, J. (2008). Parkinson’s disease: Clinical features and diagnosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 79(4), 368–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaywant, A., & Pell, M. D. (2010). Listener impressions of speakers with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16(1), 49–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaywant, A., Wasserman, V., Kemppainen, M., Neargarder, S., & Cronin-Golomb, A. (2016). Perception of communicative and non-communicative motion-defined gestures in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 22(5), 540–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, X. (2018). Prefrontal cortex: Role in language communication during social interaction. In A. Starcevic & B. Filipovic (Eds.), Prefrontal cortex. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79255

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Joanette, Y., Ska, B., & Côté, H. (2004). Protocole Montréal d’évaluation de la communication (MEC). Ortho Édition.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, I. L., Samuelsson, C., & Müller, N. (2019). Patients’ and communication partners’ experiences of communicative changes in Parkinson’s disease. Disability and Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2018.1539875

  • Jokinen, P., Karrasch, M., Brück, A., Johansson, J., Bergman, J., & Rinne, J. O. (2013). Cognitive slowing in Parkinson’s disease is related to frontostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 329(1–2), 23–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, C. R., Malone, T. J., Dirnberger, G., Edwards, M., & Jahanshahi, M. (2008). Basal ganglia, dopamine and temporal processing: Performance on three timing tasks on and off medication in Parkinson’s disease. Brain and Cognition, 68(1), 30–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kan, Y., Kawamura, M., Hasegawa, Y., Mochizuki, S., & Nakamura, K. (2002). Recognition of emotion from facial, prosodic and written verbal stimuli in Parkinson’s disease. Cortex, 38(4), 623–630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kang, J., Derva, D., Kwon, D. Y., & Wallraven, C. (2019). Voluntary and spontaneous facial mimicry toward other’s emotional expression in patients with Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 14(4), e0214957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kosutzka, Z., Kralova, M., Kusnirova, A., Papayova, M., Valkovic, P., Csefalvay, Z., & Hajduk, M. (2019). Neurocognitive predictors of understanding of intentions in Parkinson disease. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 32(4), 178–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kövecses, Z. (1988). The language of love: The semantics of passion in conversational English. Bucknell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system. Cognitive Science, 4(2), 195–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, V. K., & Harris, L. T. (2013). How social cognition can inform social decision making. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 7, 259. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Jeune, F., Peron, J., Biseul, I., Fournier, S., Sauleau, P., Drapier, S., Haegelen, C., Drapier, D., Millet, B., Garin, E., Henry, J. Y., Malbert, C. H., & Vérin, M. (2008). Subthalamic nucleus stimulation affects orbitofrontal cortex in facial emotion recognition: A PET study. Brain, 131(6), 1599–1608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levy, R., & Dubois, B. (2006). Apathy and the functional anatomy of the prefrontal cortex-basal ganglia circuits. Cerebral Cortex, 16(7), 916–928.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, F. M., Lapointe, L. L., Murdoch, B. E., & Chenery, H. J. (1998). Language impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Aphasiology, 12(3), 193–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, S. J., Cools, R., Robbins, T. W., Dove, A., Barker, R. A., & Owen, A. M. (2003). Using executive heterogeneity to explore the nature of working memory deficits in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 41(6), 645–654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lotze, M., Reimold, M., Heymans, U., Laihinen, A., Patt, M., & Halsband, U. (2008). Reduced ventrolateral fMRI response during observation of emotional gestures related to reduced dopamine in the putamen. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 21(7), 1321–1331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lundqvist, D., Svärd, J. M., Palmquist, Å., Fischer, H., & Svenningsson, P. (2017). Patients with Parkinson’s disease display a dopamine therapy related negative bias and an enlarged range in emotional responses to facial emotional stimuli. Neuropsychology, 31(6), 605–612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2015). The neurobiology of mentalizing. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 6(4), 366–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macoir, J., Hudon, C., Tremblay, M. P., Laforce, R. J., & Wilson, M. A. (2019). The contribution of semantic memory to the recognition of basic emotions and emotional valence: Evidence from the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Social Neuroscience, 14(6), 705–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahy, C. E. V., Moses, L. J., & Pfeifer, J. H. (2014). How and where: Theory-of-mind in the brain. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 68–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marneweck, M., Palermo, R., & Hammond, G. (2014). Discrimination and recognition of facial expressions of emotion and their links with voluntary control of facial musculature in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 28(6), 917–928.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, I., & McDonald, S. (2005). Evaluating the causes of impaired irony comprehension following traumatic brain injury. Aphasiology, 19(8), 712–730.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Martínez, A. M., Aguilar, O. M., & Acevedo-Triana, C. A. (2017). Meta-analysis of the relationship between deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease and performance in evaluation tests for executive brain functions. Parkinson’s Disease, 2017, 9641392. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9641392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mauchand, M., Vergis, N., & Pell, M. D. (2020). Irony, prosody, and social impressions of affective stance. Discourse Processes, 57(2),141–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAuliffe, M. J., Baylor, C. R., & Yorkston, K. M. (2017). Variables associated with communicative participation in Parkinson’s disease and its relationship to measures of health-related quality-of-life. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 19(4), 407–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, S., & Flanagan, S. (2004). Social perception deficits after traumatic brain injury: Interaction between emotion recognition, mentalizing ability, and social communication. Neuropsychology, 18(3), 572–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, L. G., Mannava, S., Camalier, C. R., Folley, B. S., Albritton, A., Konrad, P. E., Charles, D., Park, S., & Neimat, J. S. (2015). Emotion recognition in early Parkinson’s disease patients undergoing deep brain stimulation or dopaminergic therapy: A comparison to healthy participants. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 6, 349. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKinlay, A., Dalrymple-Alford, J. C., Grace, R. C., & Roger, D. (2009). The effect of attentional set-shifting, working memory, and processing speed on pragmatic language functioning in Parkinson’s disease. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 21(2–3), 330–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKoon, G., & Ratcliff, R. (1992). Inference during reading. Psychological Review, 99(3), 440–466.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, P., & Durso, R. (2003). Pragmatic communication skills in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Brain and Language, 84(3), 414–423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, P., & Durso, R. (2018). The dopamine system, Parkinson’s disease and language function. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 21, 1–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, P., Durso, R., Brown, A., & Lynch, A. (2003). Counterfactual cognitive deficit in persons with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 74(8), 1065–1070.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, P., Holtgraves, T., Durso, R., & Harris, E. (2010). Social cognition of indirect speech: Evidence from Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 23(2), 162–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, N. (2017). Communication changes in Parkinson’s disease. Practical Neurology, 17(4), 266–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, N., Noble, E., Jones, D., Allcock, L., & Burn, D. J. (2008). How do I sound to me? Perceived changes in communication in Parkinson’s disease. Clinical Rehabilitation, 22(1), 14–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mo, S., Su, Y., Chan, R. C., & Liu, J. (2008). Comprehension of metaphor and irony in schizophrenia during remission: The role of theory of mind and IQ. Psychiatry Research, 157(1–3), 21–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Möbes, J., Joppich, G., Stiebritz, F., Dengler, R., & Schröder, C. (2008). Emotional speech in Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 23(6), 824–829.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monchi, O., Petrides, M., Doyon, J., Postuma, R. B., Worsley, K., & Dagher, A. (2004). Neural bases of set-shifting deficits in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neuroscience, 24(3), 702–710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monetta, L., & Pell, M. D. (2007). Effects of verbal working memory deficits on metaphor comprehension in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Brain and Language, 101(1), 80–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monetta, L., Cheang, H. S., & Pell, M. D. (2008a). Understanding speaker attitudes from prosody by adults with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neuropsychology, 2(2), 415–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monetta, L., Grindrod, C. M., & Pell, M. D. (2008b). Effects of working memory capacity on inference generation during story comprehension in adults with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 21(5), 400–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monetta, L., Grindrod, C. M., & Pell, M. D. (2009). Irony comprehension and theory of mind deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Cortex, 45(8), 972–981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, L. L. (2000). Spoken language production in Huntington’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 43(6), 1350–1366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, L. L. (2008). Language and Parkinson’s disease. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 28, 113–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narme, P., Bonnet, A. M., Dubois, B., & Chaby, L. (2011). Understanding facial emotion perception in Parkinson’s disease: The role of configural processing. Neuropsychologia, 49(12), 3295–3302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nombela, C., Bustillo, P. J., Castell, P., Medina, V., & Herrero, M. T. (2011). Cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence from neuroimaging. Frontiers in Neurology, 2, 82. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2011.00082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, A. M., Roberts, A. C., Hodges, J. R., & Robbins, T. W. (1993). Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional set-shifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson’s disease. Brain, 116(5), 1159–1175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palazova, M. (2014). Where are emotions in words? Functional localization of valence effects in visual word recognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1105. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulmann, S., & Pell, M. D. (2010). Dynamic emotion processing in Parkinson’s disease as a function of channel availability. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(8), 822–835.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulmann, S., Ott, D. V., & Kotz, S. A. (2011). Emotional speech perception unfolding in time: The role of the basal ganglia. PLoS One, 6(3), e17694. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017694

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulmann, S., Pell, M. D., & Kotz, S. A. (2008). Functional contributions of the basal ganglia to emotional prosody: Evidence from ERPs. Brain Research, 1217, 171–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D. (1996). On the receptive prosodic loss in Parkinson’s disease. Cortex, 32(4), 693–704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D. (2006). Cerebral mechanisms for understanding emotional prosody in speech. Brain and Language, 96(2), 221–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., & Kotz, S. A. (2011). On the time course of vocal emotion recognition. PLoS One, 6(11), e27256. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., & Leonard, C. L. (2003). Processing emotional tone from speech in Parkinson’s disease: A role for the basal ganglia. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 3(4), 275–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., & Leonard, C. L. (2005). Facial expression decoding in early Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive Brain Research, 23(2–3), 327–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., & Monetta, L. (2008). How Parkinson’s disease affects non-verbal communication and language processing. Language and Linguistics Compass, 2(5), 739–759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., Cheang, H. S., & Leonard, C. L. (2006). The impact of Parkinson’s disease on vocal-prosodic communication from the perspective of listeners. Brain and Language, 97(2), 123–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pell, M. D., Monetta, L., Rothermich, K., Kotz, S. A., Cheang, H. S., & McDonald, S. (2014). Social perception in adults with Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 28(6), 905–916.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Péran, P., Nemmi, F., Méligne, D., Cardebat, D., Peppe, A., Rascol, O., Caltagirone, C., Demonet, J. F., & Sabatini, U. (2013). Effect of levodopa on both verbal and motor representations of action in Parkinson’s disease: A fMRI study. Brain and Language, 125(3), 324–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Péron, J., Dondaine, T., Le Jeune, F., Grandjean, D., & Vérin, M. (2012). Emotional processing in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review. Movement Disorders, 27(2), 186–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Péron, J., Grandjean, D., Drapier, S., & Vérin, M. (2014). Effect of dopamine therapy on nonverbal affect burst recognition in Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 9(3), e90092. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Péron, J., Grandjean, D., Le Jeune, F., Sauleau, P., Haegelen, C., Drapier, D., Rouaud, T., Drapier, S., & Vérin, M. (2010). Recognition of emotional prosody is altered after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 48(4), 1053–1062.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, L., Litcofsky, K. A., Pelster, M., Gelfand, M., Ullman, M. T., & Charles, P. D. (2012). Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation impacts language in early Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 7(8), e42829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042829

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pietschnig, J., Schröder, L., Ratheiser, I., Kryspin-Exner, I., Pflüger, M., Moser, D., Auff, E., Pirker, W., Pusswald, G., & Lehrner, J. (2016). Facial emotion recognition and its relationship to cognition and depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease. International Psychogeriatrics, 28(7), 1165–1179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinker, S., Nowak, M. A., & Lee, J. J. (2008). The logic of indirect speech. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(3), 833–838.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pitcairn, T. K., Clemie, S., Gray, J. M., & Pentland, B. (1990). Non-verbal cues in the self-presentation of Parkinsonian patients. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 29(2), 177–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poletti, M., Enrici, I., & Adenzato, M. (2012). Cognitive and affective theory of mind in neurodegenerative diseases: Neuropsychological, neuroanatomical and neurochemical levels. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(9), 2147–2164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poletti, M., Enrici, I., Bonuccelli, U., & Adenzato, M. (2011). Theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease. Behavioural Brain Research, 292, 515–520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, G. R., Keenan, J. M., & Golding, J. M. (1988). Assessing the occurrence of elaborative inferences: Lexical decision versus naming. Journal of Memory and Language, 27(4), 399–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1(4), 515–526.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramig, L. O., Countryman, S., Thompson, L. L., & Horii, Y. (1995). Comparison of two forms of intensive speech treatment for Parkinson disease. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 38(6), 1232–1251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramig, L. O., Sapir, S., Countryman, S., Pawlas, A. A., O’Brien, C., Hoehn, M., & Thompson, L. L. (2001). Intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) for patients with Parkinson’s disease: A 2 year follow up. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 71(4), 493–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rektorova, I., Mekyska, J., Janousova, E., Kostalova, M., Eliasova, I., Mrackova, M., Berankova, D., Necasova, T., Smekal, Z., & Marecek, R. (2016). Speech prosody impairment predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 29, 90–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, A., & Post, D. (2018). Information content and efficiency in the spoken discourse of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 61(9), 2259–2274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, A., Nguyen, P., Orange, J. B., Jog, M., Nisbet, K. A., & McRae, K. (2017). Differential impairments of upper and lower limb movements influence action verb processing in Parkinson disease. Cortex, 97, 49–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roheger, M., Kalbe, E., & Liepelt-Scarfone, I. (2018). Progression of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, 8(2), 183–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rothermich, K., & Pell, M. D. (2015). Introducing RISC: A new video inventory for testing social perception. PLoS One, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133902

  • Roy, M. A., Doiron, M., Talon-Croteau, J., Dupré, N., & Simard, M. (2018). Effects of antiparkinson medication on cognition in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 45(4), 375–404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmazo-Silva, H., Parente, M. A. D. M. P., Rocha, M. S., Baradel, R. R., Cravo, A. M., Sato, J. R., Godinho, F., & Carthery-Goulart, M. T. (2017). Lexical-retrieval and semantic memory in Parkinson’s disease: The question of noun and verb dissociation. Brain and Language, 165, 10–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saltzman, J., Strauss, E., Hunter, M., & Archibald, S. (2000). Theory of mind and executive functions in normal human aging and Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6(7), 781–788.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schnell, Z., Varga, E., Tényi, T., Simon, M., Hajnal, A., Járai, R., & Herold, R. (2016). Neuropragmatics and irony processing in schizophrenia - Possible neural correlates of the meta-module of pragmatic meaning construction. Journal of Pragmatics, 92, 74–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schröder, C., Nikolova, Z. T., & Dengler, R. (2010). Changes of emotional prosody in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 289(1–2), 32–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schultz, R. T. (2005). Developmental deficits in social perception in autism: The role of the amygdala and fusiform face area. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23(2–3), 125–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, R., & Pell, M. D. (2017). When emotion and expression diverge: The social costs of Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 39(3), 211–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, S., Caird, F. I., & Williams, B. O. (1984). Evidence for an apparent sensory speech disorder in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 47(8), 840–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Searle, J. R. (1975). Indirect speech acts. In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts (Vol. 3, pp. 59–82). Academic.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sedda, A., Petito, S., Guarino, M., & Stracciari, A. (2017). Identification and intensity of disgust: Distinguishing visual, linguistic and facial expressions processing in Parkinson disease. Behavioural Brain Research, 330, 30–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, L. (2010). Embodied cognition. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, K. M., & Caplan, D. N. (2018). Communication impairment in Parkinson’s disease: Impact of motor and cognitive symptoms on speech and language. Brain and Language, 185, 38–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M. K., Pollio, H. R., & Pitts, M. K. (1981). Metaphor as intellectual history: Conceptual categories underlying figurative usage in American English from 1675-1975. Linguistics, 19(9–10), 911–936.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (2006). A deflationary account of metaphor. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 18, 171–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spielman, J. L., Borod, J. C., & Ramig, L. O. (2003). The effects of intensive voice treatment on facial expressiveness in Parkinson disease: Preliminary data. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 16(3), 177–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprengelmeyer, R., Canavan, A. G. M., Lange, H. W., & Hömberg, V. (1995). Associative learning in degenerative neostriatal disorders: Contrasts in explicit and implicit remembering between Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. Movement Disorders, 10(1), 51–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprengelmeyer, R., Young, A. W., Mahn, K., Schroeder, U., Woitalla, D., Büttner, T., Kuhn, W., & Przuntek, H. (2003). Facial expression recognition in people with medicated and unmedicated Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 41(8), 1047–1057.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stirnimann, N., N’Diaye, K., Le Jeune, F., Houvenaghel, J. F., Robert, G., Drapier, S., Drapier, D., Grandjean, D., Vérin, M., & Péron, J. (2018). Hemispheric specialization of the basal ganglia during vocal emotion decoding: Evidence from asymmetric Parkinson’s disease and 18FDG PET. Neuropsychologia, 119, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tickle-Degnen, L., Ellis, T., Saint-Hilaire, M. H., Thomas, C. A., & Wagenaar, R. C. (2010). Self-management rehabilitation and health-related quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial. Movement Disorders, 25(2), 194–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tickle-Degnen, L., Zebrowitz, L., & Ma, H.-I. (2011). Culture, gender and health care stigma: Practitioners’ response to facial masking experienced by people with Parkinson’s disease. Social Science & Medicine, 73(1), 95–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Titova, N., Padmakumar, C., Lewis, S. J. G., & Chaudhuri, K. R. (2017). Parkinson’s: A syndrome rather than a disease? Journal of Neural Transmission, 124(8), 907–914.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, C., Monchi, O., Hudon, C., Macoir, J., & Monetta, L. (2012). Are verbal fluency and nonliteral language comprehension deficits related to depressive symptoms in Parkinson’s disease? Parkinson’s Disease, 2012, 308501. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/308501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, C., Macoir, J., Langlois, M., & Monetta, L. (2014). The role of polysemy on metaphor comprehension processing: The example of Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 30, 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, C., Macoir, J., Langlois, M., Canton, L., Prudhomme, M., & Monetta, L. (2015a). The effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on metaphor comprehension and language abilities in Parkinson’s disease. Brain and Language, 141, 103–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, C., Monetta, L., Langlois, M., & Schneider, C. (2015b). Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to promote metaphor comprehension in Parkinson’s disease. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 97(1), 74–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Troche, J., Troche, M. S., Berkowitz, R., Grossman, M., & Reilly, J. (2012). Tone discrimination as a window into acoustic perceptual deficits in Parkinson’s disease. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 21(3), 258–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vachon-Joanette, J., Tremblay, C., Langlois, M., Chantal, S., & Monetta, L. (2013). Les déficits de compréhension du langage non littéral dans la maladie de Parkinson sont-ils liés à un déficit de la théorie de l’esprit? Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 11(2), 208–214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Lancker Sidtis, D., Choi, J., Alken, A., & Sidtis, J. J. (2015). Formulaic language in Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease: Complementary effects of subcortical and cortical dysfunction. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 58(5), 1493–1507.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Lancker Sidtis, D., & Sidtis, J. J. (2018a). Cortical-subcortical production of formulaic language: A review of linguistic, brain disorder, and functional imaging studies leading to a production model. Brain and Cognition, 126, 53–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Lancker Sidtis, D., & Sidtis, J. J. (2018b). The affective nature of formulaic language: A right-hemisphere subcortical process. Frontiers in Neurology, 9(573). https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00573

  • Wagenbreth, C., Wattenberg, L., Heinze, H. J., & Zaehle, T. (2016). Implicit and explicit processing of emotional facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease. Behavioural Brain Research, 303, 182–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, A. T., Lee, S. S., Sigman, M., & Dapretto, M. (2006). Neural basis of irony comprehension in children with autism: The role of prosody and context. Brain, 129(4), 932–943.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, S.-M., & Tickle-Degnen, L. (2018). Emotional cues from expressive behavior of women and men with Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 13(7), e0199886. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199886

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yarnall, A., Breen, D., Duncan, G., Khoo, T., Coleman, S. Y., Firbank, M. J., Nombela, C., Winder-Rhodes, S., Evans, J. R., Rowe, J. B., Mollenhauer, B., Kruse, N., Hudson, G., Chinnery, P. F., O’Brien, J. T., Robbins, T. W., Wesnes, K., Brooks, D. J., Barker, R. A., Burn, D. J., & ICICLE-PD Study Group. (2014). Characterizing mild cognitive impairment in incident Parkinson disease. Neurology, 82(4), 308–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, R. L., & Wu, R. M. (2013). Social brain dysfunctions in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A review of theory of mind studies. Translational Neurodegeneration, 2(7), 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zangaglia, R., Pacchetti, C., Pasotti, C., Mancini, F., Servello, D., Sinforiani, E., Cristina, S., Sassi, M., & Nappi, G. (2009). Deep brain stimulation and cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease: A three-year controlled study. Movement Disorders, 24(11), 1621–1628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Marc D. Pell & Jonathan A. Caballero

  2. Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada

    Laura Monetta & Valérie Coulombe

Authors
  1. Marc D. Pell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laura Monetta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jonathan A. Caballero
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Valérie Coulombe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marc D. Pell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Louise Cummings

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pell, M.D., Monetta, L., Caballero, J.A., Coulombe, V. (2021). Parkinson’s Disease. In: Cummings, L. (eds) Handbook of Pragmatic Language Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74985-9_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74985-9_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-74984-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-74985-9

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation