Introduction, Contextual Background and Scope

Abstract

The non-existence of stability and peace in a significant number of regions and countries tends to weaken the resolve for sustainable development not only in the individual country in question, but also regionally and continentally. Failed and weak states as well as post-conflict countries can be viewed as a risk to global security and consequently their reconstruction, reform and modernisation should be accorded a high priority as part of the global development agenda. This philosophy and logic provided the impetus for a global consensus that peace and stability should be a pre-requisite for international development, hence its inclusion as an integral part of the 2030 post-development agenda and framework and ultimately the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. Sustainable Development Goal 16 of the post-2015 development agenda seeks to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. The overarching principle of Goal 16 is that sustainable development cannot be promoted if there is no peace, and conversely, without peace there is no sustainable development. If the universal goal and vision is to “leave no-one behind” relative to international development, then the popular adage of “business as usual” is not a choice, and strong and decisive action is imperative in ensuring that post-conflict and conflict-affected countries and societies in particular are steered in the correct direction in fostering growth and development.