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Overview of Simulation in Higher Education: Methods and Applications

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Handbook of Operations Research and Management Science in Higher Education

Part of the book series: International Series in Operations Research & Management Science ((ISOR,volume 309))

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Abstract

Simulation is one of the most widely used methodologies in many areas such as industry, army, leisure activities, and education. This chapter is devoted to simulation in higher education (HE) and its use for administrative and educational purposes. Many types of simulation models have been used in HE for various purposes. Literature reviews have been published on specific types of simulations in HE but, to the best of our knowledge, there has not been a comprehensive overview of all types of simulation models in HE. We classify simulation models in HE into two types: (a) analytic simulations models such as discrete event simulation and system dynamics, and (b) educational simulation models such as, virtual reality, games, and simulators for training. This overview presents examples for each method, which gives some idea of the specific areas of HE they were used for. Moreover, taxonomy tables summarize the number of articles published over the last 20 years for each simulation method in HE in the Web of Science, along with the area of applications they are used for in HE. The number of articles on educational simulations is larger by far than the number of articles on analytic simulations. This overview is useful for developers of HE simulations and for administrators in HE institutions.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Efrat Tiram

  2. Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

    Zilla Sinuany-Stern

Authors
  1. Efrat Tiram
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  2. Zilla Sinuany-Stern
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of IEM, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Zilla Sinuany-Stern

Appendices

Appendix 1: Synonyms for: (a) Higher Education (b) Simulation Method (c) Areas of Application

a. Higher Education:

Higher education: academic, college, university, tertiary education, medical education, nurse, nurses, nursing, pharmacy, undergraduate education, undergraduate, airway management education, medical, engineering, business education, internship, higher professional education

b. Simulation Methods:

1. Simulation: simulating, simulate, simulation-based

2. Industrial dynamic, industrial dynamics, system dynamic, system dynamics, system-dynamic, dynamic simulation

3. Monte Carlo

4. Discrete-event: discrete-event, DES

5. Agent-based: agent-based, ABS, ABM

6. Simulator: simulators

7. Game: games

8. Box trainer: box training.

c. Areas of Applications:

1. Transportation: transshipment, assignment, project management, CPM, Gant, PERT, network, networks, location, scheduling, timetabling

2. Industry: logistics, maintenance, reliability, inventory

3. Knowledge transfer: knowledge management, management of knowledge, R&D research and development, patent, patents, industrial park, industrial parks, incubator, incubators, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial

4. Marketing: finance, financial, strategy, strategic, balanced scorecard, BSC, efficiency, efficient, accounting, investment, revenue management, policy modeling, policy model, policy models, renovation, international, internationalization, planning, budgeting, cost, costing, managerial, management, administration, administrative

5. Projection: projecting, forecasting, forecast

6. Enrollment: student/students

7. Faculty: staff, manpower

8. Teaching: teach, practice, practicing, train, training, pedagogy, pedagogic, practitioner

Appendix 2: Taxonomy of Simulation Models Applied to Higher Education

Authors (year)

Type of simulationa

HE area

Levels HE hierarchy

Country of application

Weathersby (1967)

Regression

Costs of departments

University by department

USA, UC Berkeley

Baisuck and Wallace (1970)

DES

Enrollment projection

University and regional

USA

Hopkins (1971)

Deterministic. simulation

University planning

University

USA

Sinuany-Stern (1978)

Simulation and optimization

Budgeting and planning

Community college (CC)

USA (multi campus CC)

Kennedy (2008)

SD

Policy issues

All levels

Review 1975–2005

Schellekens et al. (2010)

DES

Program organization

University

The Netherlands

Kennedy (2011)

SD

Policy and pedagogy

All levels 40 articles

Review 1972–2008

Galbraith (2012)

SD

Various

Various

Methodology

Voyer et al. (2012)

SD

Performance

Business sch.

USA

Hussein and El-Nasr (2013)

SD and genetic algorithm

Budget allocation and quality

Institutional

Methodology NetLogo

Larson et al. (2014)

R0, reproduction number

Supply and demand of Eng. PhDs

National

USA

Brailsford and De Silva (2015)

SD

Supply and demand of dentists

National

Sri Lanka

Gu et al. (2015)

ABS/ABM

Academic activities and teaching

All HE levels 35 articles

Review during 1997–2013

Gu et al. (2015)

ABS prototype in NetLogo

Researchers publications strategy

University by department by researcher

Australia

Kara (2015)

Stochastic SD

Stud. Supply and demand and quality

National

Turkey

Fateh Rad et al. (2015)

SD

Strategic—industry relations

University Regional

Iran

Little (2015)

DES and ABS

Quality improve

University

General

Strauss and Borenstein (2015)

SD Undergrad. enrollment

Long run planning, strategy

National HE public/private sector

Brazil

Dandagi et al. (2016)

SD and Structural equations

Strategy Questionnaire factor anal.

University

India

Oltean et al. (2017)

DES—facility planning

Building viability

Public university

Romania

Al Hallak et al. (2017)

SD—facility & faculty plan

Enrollment Mgmt.

Regional private sector

Syria

Faham et al. (2017)

SD

Strategy

University

Iran

Ghaffarzadegan et al. (2017)

SD—Student quantity vs. quality

Policy Edu. job mismatch

Regional

Methodology

Zaini et al. (2017)

SD

Strategy

University

USA

Kara (2018)

SD—Structural equation

Quality and productivity

University

Turkey

Tan et al. (2019)

Discrete-timed model, Parallel systems

Quality of Peer review process

International

China

Siniksaran and Satman (2020)

Simulation

Universities ranking

Universities

Review

  1. aSD—System Dynamics, DES—Discrete-event Simulation, ABS—Agent-Based Simulation also ABM (Agent-Based Model). bindicating number of reviewed papers in a review paper

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Tiram, E., Sinuany-Stern, Z. (2021). Overview of Simulation in Higher Education: Methods and Applications. In: Sinuany-Stern, Z. (eds) Handbook of Operations Research and Management Science in Higher Education. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 309. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74051-1_3

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