Abstract
Burnout is an emotional syndrome that involves a prolonged response to stress. Its study in the work environment is of interest, since it manifests itself through negative attitudes toward work and affects the emotional, attitudinal, and physical level of the person who suffers it. The most relevant instruments for measuring burnout are the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), most commonly used, and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM). Likewise, taking into account the emotional nature of the Burnout, it is related to Emotional Intelligence (EI), playing a very important role in the adaptive capacity of individuals in stressful situations. The aim of the present study is (1) to analyze the differences and similarities of the questionnaires that evaluate Burnout, (2) as well as to study how these scales relate to Job Strain and EI. 60 workers (37 women) answered 4 scales measuring the main variables. Results show that both the MBI and the SMBM are significantly related. Secondly, Job Strain predicts the subscales of both questionnaires, unlike EI, which does not correlate significantly with these Burnout indicators. We conclude that both questionnaires are valid instruments for measuring burnout syndrome and they have a significant relationship with work stress but no with EI.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Back AL, Steinhauser KE, Kamal AH, Jackson VA (2016) Building Resilience for Palliative Care Clinicians: An Approach to Burnout Prevention Based on Individual Skills and Workplace Factors. J Pain Symptom Manage 52:284–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPAINSYMMAN.2016.02.002
Beltrán C, Pando M, Pérez M (2004) Social support and burnout: a revision [In Spanish]. Psicol Salud 14:79–87
Bianchi R, Schonfeld IS, Laurent E (2018) Burnout Syndrome and Depression. In: Kim Y-K (ed) Understanding Depression, vol 2. Clinical Manifestations. Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer Singapore, Singapore, pp 187–202
Bianchi R, Schonfeld IS, Laurent E (2015) Burnout–depression overlap: A review. Clin Psychol Rev 36:28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CPR.2015.01.004
Brill PL (1984) The need for an operational definition of burnout. Fam. Community Heal. J. Heal. Promot. Maint. 6:12–24
Caballero C, Hederich C, Palacio J (2010) Academic Burnout: syndrome delimitation and associated factors [In Spanish]. Rev Lat Psicol 42:131–146
Chirico F (2016) Job stress models for predicting burnout syndrome: a review. Ann Ist Super Sanita 52:443–456. https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_16_03_17
de Álvarez-Ramírez M, los R, Pena Garrido M, Losada Vicente L, (2017) Mission possible: improve the welfare of counselors through their emotional intelligence [In Spanish]. REOP - Rev Española Orientación Y Psicopedag 28:19–32. https://doi.org/10.5944/reop.vol.28.num.1.2017.19356
Extremera N, Durán A, Rey L (2007) Emotional intelligence and its relationship with the levels of burnout, engagement and stress in university students [In Spanish]. Rev Educ 342:239–256
Extremera N, Fernández-Berrocal P, Durán A (2003) Emotional intelligence and burnout in teachers [In Spanish]. Enc Psicol. Soc. 1:260–265
Faúndez V (2017) Cristina Maslach, understanding burnout [In Spanish]. Ciencia & Trabajo 2017 [acceso 20 de setiembre de 2018]; 19(58):59–63. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492017000100059
Fernández-Berrocal P, Alcaide R, and Ramos N (1999) The influence of emotional intelligence on the emotional adjustment in highschool students. Bull Kharkov State Univ 439(1–2):119–123
Freudenberger HJ (1974) Staff Burn-Out. J Soc Issues 30:159–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x
Garrido MP, Pacheco NE (2012) IPerceived emotional intelligence in primary and secondary schools and its relationship with burnout levels and work illusion [In Spanish]. Rev Educ 359:604–627. https://doi.org/10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2011-359-109
Gil-Monte PR (2002) Factorial validity of the Spanish adaptation of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey [In Spanish]. Sal Publ Mex 44:33–40
Goleman DP (1995) Emotional intelligence: why it can matter more than IQ for character, health and lifelong achievement. Bantam, New York
González J, Ros AB, Jiménez MI, De Los G, Fayos E (2014) Analysis of burnout levels in athletes according to the level of perceived emotional intelligence: The moderating role of personality [In Spanish]. CDP 14:39–48. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1578-84232014000300005
Görgens-Ekermans G, Brand T (2012) Emotional intelligence as a moderator in the stress-burnout relationship: A questionnaire study on nurses. J Clin Nurs 21:2275–2285. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04171.x
Jiang L, Tripp TM, Hong PY (2017) College instruction is not so stress free after all: A qualitative and quantitative study of academic entitlement, uncivil behaviors, and instructor strain and burnout. Stress Heal 33:578–589. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2742
Jiménez Morales M, López Zafra E (2008) Emotional self-concept as an emotional risk factor in college students: gender and age differences [In Spanish]. Bol Psicol 21–39
Karasek RA (1979) Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: implications for Job Redesign. Adm Sci Q 24:285–308. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392498
Karasek RA (1998) Demand/Control model: a social-emotional, and psycho-logical approach to stress risk and active behavior development. ILO, In ILO encyclo-pedia of occupational health and safety
Karasek R, Theorell T (1990) Healthy work: stress, productivity, and the reconstruction of working life. Basic Books, New York
Leiter MP (2017) Burnout as a developmental process: consideration of models. In Professional burnout. Routledge, pp 237–250
Marrau M (2004) Burnout Syndrome and its possible consequences on teachers [In Spanish]. Fundam Hum 10:53–68
Martínez A (2010) Burnout Syndrome. Conceptual evolution and current state of the issue [In Spanish]. Rev Comun Vivat Acad 112:42–80. https://dx.doi.org/10.15178/va.2010.112.42-80
Maslach C (1976) Burned-out. Hum Behav 5:16–22
Melamed S, Ugarten U, Shirom A et al (1999) Chronic burnout, somatic arousal and elevated salivary cortisol levels. J Psychosom Res 46:591–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3999(99)00007-0
Mikolajczak M, Menil C, Luminet O (2007) Explaining the protective effect of trait emotional intelligence regarding occupational stress: exploration of emo-tional labour processes. J Res Pers 41(5):107–117
Moreno-jimenez B (2001) Professional burnout evaluation. MBI-GS factorialization. A preliminary analysis [In Spanish]. Ansiedad y Estrés 69–78
Ortega MJ, Ortega OJ (2017) Work climate: effect of professional burnout on quality of life at work [In Spanish]. Revista Empresarial 11(1):6–13
Ortiz VG, Toro LEP, Rodríguez AMH (2014) Moderation of the relationship between labor tension and discomfort of university professors: role of conflict and facilitation between work and family [In Spanish]. Rev Colomb Psicol 24:185–201. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v24n1.42081
Pérez Pérez N (2006) Relationships between emotional intelligence and IQ with academic performance in college students [In Spanish]. Reme 9:6
Pines AM (2017) Burnout: an existential perspective. In Professional burnout. Routledge, pp 33–51
Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP, Maslach Ch, Jackson SE (1996) Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey. In: Maslach Ch, Jackson SE, & Leiter MP (eds), The Maslach Burnout Inventory – Test Manual, 3rd end, Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press
Salanova M, Schaufeli W, Llorens S, Peiró JM, Grau R (2000) From “Burnout” to “Engagement". A new perspective [In Spanish]. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones 16(2):117–34
Salovey P, Mayer JD, Goldman SL, Turvey C, Palfai TP (1995) Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In: Pennebaker JW (ed) Emotion, disclosure, & health, pp 125–154
Shanafelt TD, Dyrbye LN, West CP (2017) Addressing physician burnout: The Way Forward. JAMA 317:901–902. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.0076
Shirom A (2003) Job-related Burnout: A review. In: Quick JC & Tetrick LE (eds), Handbook of occupational health psychology. American Psychological Association, pp 245–264
Shirom A (2009) About the validity of the construct, predictors and consequences of Burnout in the workplace [In Spanish]. Ciencia & Trabajo 32(11):44–54
Shirom A, Melamed S (2006) A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. Int J Stress Manag 13:176–200. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.13.2.176
Steptoe A, Cropley M, Joekes K (1999) Job strain, blood pressure and re-sponse to uncontrollable stress. J Hypertens 17(2):193–200
Vander Elst T, De Cuyper N, Baillien E et al. (2016) Perceived control and psychological contract breach as explanations of the relationships between job insecurity, job strain and coping reactions: towards a theoretical integration. Stress Health 32:100–116. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2584
Wong CA, Spence Laschinger HK (2015) The influence of frontline manager job strain on burnout, commitment and turnover intention: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud 52:1824–1833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.09.006
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Serrano, M.A., El Arbi, Y., Costa, R. (2021). Different Conceptions of Burnout and Its Relationships with Job Strain and Emotional Intelligence. In: Realyvásquez Vargas, A., García-Alcaraz, J.L., Z-Flores, E. (eds) New Perspectives on Applied Industrial Ergonomics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73468-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73468-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-73467-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-73468-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)