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Extraction and Purification of IgY

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IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies

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Abstract

Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is an antibody present in the yolk of the egg and to obtain it at high purity levels, while retaining its biological activity, multi-step processes are required. The initial step is removal of the lipid fraction from the yolk. The delipidation methods routinely used are water dilution or precipitation by either polyethylene glycol (PEG), anionic polysaccharides or organic solvents. The second step is the extraction of the IgY from the remaining proteins in the mixture, which can be achieved by precipitation with a variety of salts, or additional PEG steps or by aqueous biphasic systems. The final step in IgY purification involves chromatographic methods based on different separation techniques such as cation exchange, hydrophobic charge-induction and various affinity systems giving IgY with >90% purity. In this chapter, comparisons among different methods of IgY extraction applied to a single batch of eggs and the commercial extraction kits currently available are discussed. Finally, the techniques for the characterization of the IgY with regard to purity and activity are outlined as well as the appropriate storage conditions.

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Change history

  • 16 September 2021

    The original version of the book was inadvertently published with only one of the three affiliations of the volume editor and chapter author Xiao-Ying Zhang.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emerita Lecturer, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Patricia M. Morgan

  2. CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Mara G. Freire & Ana Paula M. Tavares

  3. Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Antonysamy Michael

  4. College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China

    Xiaoying Zhang

  5. Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

    Xiaoying Zhang

  6. CBMA, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

    Xiaoying Zhang

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  1. Patricia M. Morgan
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  2. Mara G. Freire
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  3. Ana Paula M. Tavares
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  4. Antonysamy Michael
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  5. Xiaoying Zhang
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Correspondence to Patricia M. Morgan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China

    Xiao-Ying Zhang

  2. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Ricardo S. Vieira-Pires

  3. School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Patricia M. Morgan

  4. Institute of Pharmacology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Rüdiger Schade

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Morgan, P.M., Freire, M.G., Tavares, A.P.M., Michael, A., Zhang, X. (2021). Extraction and Purification of IgY. In: Zhang, XY., Vieira-Pires, R.S., Morgan, P.M., Schade, R. (eds) IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72688-1_11

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