Abstract
The barrier properties of the skin confer defense against microorganisms, but certain factors such as trauma, surgery, poor hygiene practices, and environmental factors compromise the skin’s protective function allowing microorganisms to penetrate leading to infections. The common pathogens encountered in the tropics include bacteria, fungus, and virus.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Suggested Reading
Baht RM, Prakash C. Leprosy: an overview of pathophysiology: interdisciplinary perspective on infectious disease. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2012;2012:181089. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/181089.
Barbagallo J, Tager P, Ingleton R, Hirsch RJ, Weinberg JM. Cutaneous tuberculosis: diagnosis and treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;3:319–28.
Capuano C, Ozaki M. Yaws in the Western pacific Region: a review of the literature. J Trop Med. 2011;2011:ID642832. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/642832.
Chodkiewicz HM, Cohen PR. Erythrasma: successful treatment after single-dose clarithromycin. Int J Dermatol. 2013;52:516–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05005.x.
Coyner T. Molluscum Contagiosum. J Dermatol Nurses Assoc. 2020;12(3):115–20. https://doi.org/10.1097/JDN.0000000000000534.
Damour A, Garcia M, Seneschal J, et al. Eczema Herpeticum: clinical and pathophysiological aspects. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol. 2020;59:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-019-08768-3.
Dias MF, Filho FB, Quaresma MV, Nascimento LV, Nay JÁ, Azulay DR. Update on cutaneous tuberculosis. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89(6):925–38. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142998.
Du Vivier A. Atlas of clinical dermatolgy. 4th ed. Philadephia: Elsevier/Saunders; 2012. p. 381–7
Erythrasma Treatment & Management. Medical Care. Medscape eMedicine. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1052532-treatment.
Forouzan P, Cohen PR. Erythrasma revisited: differential diagnoses and comprehensive review of treatment. Cureus. 2020;12(9):e10733. https://doi.org/10.7759/curues.10733.
Frankel A, Penrose C, Emer J. Cutaneous tuberculosis: a practical case report and review for the dermatologist. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2009;2(10):19–27. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2923933
Gershon A, Breuer J, Cohen J, et al. Varicella zoster virus infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15016. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.16.
Groves JB, Nassereddin A, Freeman AM. Erythrasma. In StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2020. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513352.
Hartman-Adams H, Banvard C, Juckett G. Impetigo: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(4):229–35.
Karimkhani C, Dellavalle RP, Coffery LE, Flohr C, Hay RJ, Langan SM, et al. Global skin disease morbidity and mortality an update from the global burden of disease study 2013. JAMA Dermatol. 2017;153:406–12.
Kawai K, Gebremeskel BG, Acosta CJ. Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective. BMJ Open. 2014;4:e004833. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004833.
Koshy E, Mengting L, Kumar H, Jianbo W. Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of herpes zoster: a comprehensive review. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2018;84(3):251–62. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_1021_16. PMID: 29516900
Lastória JC, Abreu MA. Leprosy: review of the epidemiological, clinical, and etiopathogenic aspects – part 1. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89(2):205–18. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142450. PMID: 24770495; PMCID: PMC4008049
Legendre DP, Muzny CA, Swiatlo E. Hansen’s disease (leprosy): current and future pharmacotherapy and treatment of disease – related immunologic reactions. Pharmacotherapy. 2012;32(1):27–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/PHAR.1009
Lopez DM, Cervantes BTH, Emmanuel D. Infections of the skin among children in HO Teaching Hospital of the Volta Region, Ghana, Open Access Library Journal. 2020; 7e6192. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106192.
Marks R, Motley R. Roxburgh, skin diseases. 18th ed. London: CRC Press; 2011. p 38–44.
Marks M, Lebari D, Solomon AW, Higgins SP. Yaws. Int J STD AIDS. 2014;26(10) https://doi.org/10.1177/0956463414549036
Marks M, Kwakye-Maclean C, Doherty R, Adwere P, Abdulai AA, Duah F. Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards yaws and yaws- like skin disease in Ghana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005820
Meza-Romero R, Navarrete-Dechent C, Downey C. Molluscum contagiosum: an update and review of new perspectives in etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2019;12:373–81. Published 2019 May 30. https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S187224.
Mitj O, Marks M, Konan DJP, Ayelo G, Gonzalez-Beiras C, BOUA B, Houdini W, et al. Global epidemiology of yaws: a systematic review. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3(6):e324–31. http://www.science/direct.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X1500011X
Moschella SL, Garcia-Albea V. Differential diagnosis of leprosy.2016; 2.3, In Scollard DM, Gillis TP, editors. International textbook of leprosy. www. International Textbook of Leprosy.org.
Nardi NM, Schaefer T. Impetigo. In StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island(FL);2019.
Patil AA, Sherkhane MS. Clinico-epidemiological study of Hansen’s disease patients attending a tertiary care Centre in South India. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2016;3(11):3092–6. http://www.ijcmph.com
Sampath Kumar P, Drage LA, Martin DP, Herpes zoster (shingles) and Postherpetic Neuralgia. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/article.
Scollard DM, Adams LB, Gillis TP, Krahenbuhl JL, Truman RW, Williams L. The continuing challenges of leprosy. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006;19(2):338–81. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.19.2.338-381.2006.
Thappa DM. Essentials in dermatology. 2nd ed. India: Jaypee Brothers; 2019. p. 57–71.
Zhan P, Wieda L. The changing face of dermatophyte infections worldwide. Mycopathologia. 2017;182:77–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11046-016-0082-8
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Donkor, C.M.Y.A., Aryee-Boi, J., Osazuwa, I.R., Afflu, F.K., Alexis, A.F. (2021). Infections. In: Atlas of Dermatological Conditions in Populations of African Ancestry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72617-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72617-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-72616-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-72617-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)