Skip to main content

Experimental Investigation into the Influence of the Distance Between Microphones for 2D Real-Time Sound Source Localization Using GCC-PHAT Technique

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Computing Systems and Applications (CSA 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 199))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

In this paper, we conduct an experimental investigation into the effect of the distance between two microphones for real-time sound localization using the generalized cross-correlation phase transform technique (GCC-PHAT). We have used the microphone array incorporated in the Microsoft Kinect device to acquire sound waves in real-time. The microphone array is composed of four audio sensors (microphones) which have been used in pairs to mount the experimental setup for helicopter sound localization. We have considered four pairs of microphones in our experiment. For each single pair, the distance between the couple of microphones, which composes that pair, was defined beforehand. Later, the angle of the source has been varied. The impact of the distance between the sound source and the pair of audio microphones has been investigated by varying gradually the distance between the source and the microphones. Experimental results show that the localization performance is improved as we increase the distance between the pair of microphones provided that the distance between the couple of microphones of an array is less than the distance between the source and the acquisition microphones.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Strumillo, P.: Advances In Sound Localization. In: IntechOpen (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chen, L., et al.: Analysis on the TOA tracking with DVB-T signals for positioning. IEEE Trans. Broadcas. 62(4), 957–961 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lamelas, F., Swaminathan, S.: Laboratory demonstration of acoustic source localization in two dimensions. Am. J. Phys. 87(1), 24–27 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Park, J.H., Seung, H.C.: Interaural Time Difference Estimation Using Generalized Cross-correlation with Maximum Likelihood Weighting in Reverberant Environments. Int. J. Multimed. Ubiquitous Eng. 9(4), 43–50 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bestagini, P., et al.: TDOA-based acoustic source localization in the space–range reference frame. Multidimension. Syst. Sign. Proces. 25(2), 337–359 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. May, T., van de Par, S., Kohlrausch, A.: Binaural localization and detection of speakers in complex acoustic scenes. In: The technology of binaural listening. Springer, Heidelberg, 397–425 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37762-4_15

  7. Park, C.-S., Jeon, J.-H., Kim, Y.-H.: Localization of a sound source in a noisy environment by hyperbolic curves in quefrency domain. J. Sound Vib. 333(21), 5630–5640 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang, C., Florêncio, D., Zhang, Z.: Why does PHAT work well in lownoise, reverberative environments?. In: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. IEEE (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kwon, B., Park, Y., Park, Y.-S.: Analysis of the GCC-PHAT technique for multiple sources. In: ICCAS 2010. IEEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jia, M., Sun, J., Bao, C.: Real-time multiple sound source localization and counting using a soundfield microphone. J. Ambient Intell. Humanized Comput. 8(6), 829–844 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Webb, J., Ashley, J.: Beginning Kinect Programming with the Microsoft Kinect SDK. Apress, New York (2012)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  12. Douaer, B., Ykhlef, F., Ykhlef, F.: Tracking a sound source in two dimensions using microsoft kinect sensors. In: 2019 International Conference on Advanced Electrical Engineering (ICAEE). IEEE (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pourmohammad, A., Ahadi, S.M.: N-dimensional N-microphone sound source localization. EURASIP J. Audio Speech Music Proces. 2013(1), 27 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-4722-2013-27

  14. Jiang, W., et al.: Two-stage Localisation Scheme Using a Small-scale Linear Microphone Array for Indoor Environments. J. Navig. 68(5), 915–936 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Chiariotti, P., et al.: Average acoustic beamforming in car cabins: an automatic system for acoustic mapping over 3D surfaces. Appl. Acoust. 129, 47–63 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sound source: www.soundsnap.com. Accessed 21 Dec 2019

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Belgacem Douaer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Douaer, B., Ykhlef, F., Ykhlef, F. (2021). Experimental Investigation into the Influence of the Distance Between Microphones for 2D Real-Time Sound Source Localization Using GCC-PHAT Technique. In: Senouci, M.R., Boudaren, M.E.Y., Sebbak, F., Mataoui, M. (eds) Advances in Computing Systems and Applications. CSA 2020. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 199. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69418-0_32

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics