Abstract
A direct numerical simulation (DNS) was carried out for which random pressure fluctuations were forced at the inflow of the computational domain to initiate the laminar-turbulent transition process. The random forcing generated a broad spectrum of disturbances with respect to both frequency and azimuthal wavenumbers without any bias towards any of the known relevant nonlinear mechanisms (fundamental, subharmonic, oblique). The DNS results showed clear evidence that fundamental resonance is the dominant nonlinear mechanism. The time-averaged Stanton number contours indicated the formation of a pattern of streamwise “hot” streaks on the surface of the cone. Such hot streak patterns have previously been observed in experiments in the BAM6QT and in “controlled” breakdown DNS for flared and straight cones.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by AFOSR Grant FA9550-15-1-0265, with Dr. Ivett Leyva serving as the program manager. Computer time was provided by the DoD HPCMP. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the AFOSR or the U. S. Government. The authors would like to thank Steve Schneider and Brandon Chynoweth for fruitful discussions and for making all the experimental data and PSD post processing scripts readily available.
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Hader, C., Fasel, H.F. (2022). Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of Natural Transition in High-Speed Boundary Layers Using a Broadband Random Forcing Approach. In: Sherwin, S., Schmid, P., Wu, X. (eds) IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition. IUTAM Bookseries, vol 38. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_49
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_49
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