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Environmental Challenges of Solid Waste Management in Moroccan Cities

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Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4 (SCA 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 183))

Abstract

In Morocco as everywhere in the world, the enormous amount of solid waste continues to increase in the metropolises, large, medium and small cities of the kingdom.

Solid urban waste is heterogeneous and its qualitative composition varies enormously depending on the area, from one society to another, from one country to another, from one city to another, depending on the day of the week (holidays and others) and the wet or dry season.

The lack of data on the characterization of waste, which is a prerequisite for any management, recycling and recovery strategy, is one of the main constraints to the implementation of an effective and sustainable waste management policy. Unfortunately in illegal or controlled landfills, odors and gas fumes have a real impact on neighboring dwellings.

As a model landfill, in the OumAzza landfill the leachate pH values recorded during the study period ranged from neutrality to 7.3 and basic pH to 8.8 with an average of around 8.06. Temperature measurements give average values of 24.52 °C, maximum of 40 °C and minimum of 10 °C. At the Oum Azza landfill in Rabat-Sale, there are high concentrations of nitrogen (1204 to 5804 mg/L) and ammonia (644 to 4480 mg/L). Likewise, the phosphate concentration is high and varies between 8.1 and 75.8 mg/L.

During the campaigns, the electrical conductivity is higher and exceeds the standard of 2700 μS/cm and varies from 20115 to 47100 μs/cm. The concentration of Na+ varies from 1308 to 4630 mg/L and that of Cl− also varies from 2340 to 7100 mg/L. At the same time, the concentration of sulphates is relatively modest and varies from 16 to 55 mg/L.

The leachate from the Oum Azza landfill has significant concentrations of suspended solids, ranging from 88 to 1480 mg/L. These high loads generate high measurements of BOD5 and COD. The BOD5 varies considerably between 761 to 12976 and 48801 mg/L and the COD varies from 7296 to 23789 and even reaches 71.880 mg/L.

The results of this study will constitute the basis and the foundations for the development of a framework for the treatment and recovery of waste generated in Moroccan cities, and therefore, to avoid the storage and burial of all this waste in controlled landfills.

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Change history

  • 27 May 2021

    A correction has been published.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environment and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, 14000, Kenitra, Morocco

    A. El Atmani, H. Chiguer, I. Belhaili, S. Aitsi, Douae El Khachine, K. Elkharrim, El Borjy Aziz & Belghyti Driss

  2. RAK, Autonomous Office of Water and Electricity, Kénitra, Morocco

    A. El Atmani, H. Chiguer, I. Belhaili, S. Aitsi, Douae El Khachine, K. Elkharrim, El Borjy Aziz & Belghyti Driss

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  1. A. El Atmani
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  2. H. Chiguer
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  3. I. Belhaili
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  4. S. Aitsi
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  5. Douae El Khachine
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  6. K. Elkharrim
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  8. Belghyti Driss
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Correspondence to Belghyti Driss .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Tangier, Morocco

    Mohamed Ben Ahmed

  2. Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey

    İsmail Rakıp Karaș

  3. CICS.NOVA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal

    Domingos Santos

  4. Department of Sociology of Culture and Communication, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Olga Sergeyeva

  5. Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Association Méditerranéenne des Sciences et Technologies, Tangier, Morocco

    Anouar Abdelhakim Boudhir

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Atmani, A.E. et al. (2021). Environmental Challenges of Solid Waste Management in Moroccan Cities. In: Ben Ahmed, M., Rakıp Karaș, İ., Santos, D., Sergeyeva, O., Boudhir, A.A. (eds) Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4. SCA 2020. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 183. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_45

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-66839-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-66840-2

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