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Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Foundations, Opportunities and Challenges

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Digitalization in Healthcare

Part of the book series: Future of Business and Finance ((FBF))

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the next step of the industrial revolution. It aims to automate human or manual decision making. AI has started to disrupt nearly every industry, including healthcare. However, we have just started to scratch the surface as there are many more AI opportunities for healthcare that will allow to improve patient care while cutting waiting times and costs. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to AI and its applications in healthcare. We then examine possible future opportunities of how AI could skyrocket healthcare. Next, we look at the challenges in and around AI research, the impact of AI on our society, fears, education and the need for data literacy for everyone, including physicians and patients. We also discuss how these challenges could be solved. This chapter also serves as a foundation for other book chapters that present further AI applications in healthcare.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Historically, the term “data mining” was often used. However, that term usually describes a somewhat larger discipline. During the last decade, that term has lost relevance and tends to be used less frequently nowadays. Instead, the term “data science” has become more popular in recent years. That field aims to apply machine learning models to solving real-world problems.

  2. 2.

    http://www.coursera.org.

  3. 3.

    http://www.udacity.com.

  4. 4.

    http://www.edx.org.

  5. 5.

    A more general definition for multi-valued attributes is \(P(A\vert B) = \frac {P(B\vert A)P(A)}{P(B)} = \frac {P(B\vert A)P(A)}{\sum _{a\in A}{P(B\vert a)P(a)}}\).

  6. 6.

    Note that in real-world medical cases, there is usually more evidence, such as pain or pre-existing diseases, that contributes to a physician’s decision making.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Deggendorf, Germany

    Patrick Glauner

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  1. Patrick Glauner
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Correspondence to Patrick Glauner .

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  1. Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Deggendorf, Germany

    Patrick Glauner

  2. SRH University of Applied Health Science, Leverkusen, Germany

    Philipp Plugmann

  3. St. Marien-Hospital GmbH, Cologne, Germany

    Guido Lerzynski

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Glauner, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Foundations, Opportunities and Challenges. In: Glauner, P., Plugmann, P., Lerzynski, G. (eds) Digitalization in Healthcare. Future of Business and Finance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65896-0_1

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