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Role of DNA Mismatch Repair Genes in Colorectal Cancer

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Colon Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most known type of cancer in developing countries and is one of the leading causes of deaths around the world. The current treatment therapies for CRC are increasing nowadays since there are large variations seen among individuals in terms of diagnosis and response to drugs used to manage CRC owing to biomolecular heterogeneity. Around 15% of CRC cases are due to defect in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, featured by microsatellite instability (MSI) characteristics. We highliht the role of DNA mismatch repair genes in CRC, its diagnosis and management including targeted therapies and immune checkpoint blockade therapies for controlling the individual CRC therapy response and treatment.

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Abbreviations

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

HNPCC:

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer

MLH1:

MutL homolog 1

MLH3:

MutL homolog 3

MMR:

Mismatch repair

MSH2:

MutS homolog 2

MSH6:

MutS homolog 6

MSI:

Microsatellite instability

MSI-high:

Microsatellite instability-high

MSI-low:

Microsatellite instability-low

MSS:

Microsatellite stable

PCNA:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PD-L1:

Programmed death ligand-1 protein

PMS1:

PMS homolog 1

PMS2:

PMS homolog 2

RFC:

Replication factor C

RPA:

Replication protein A

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Birla Institute of Scientific Research (BISR), Jaipur, RJ, India

    Sonal Gupta, Manisha Mathur & Prashanth Suravajhala

  2. Department of Paediatrics, Swai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, RJ, India

    Sonal Gupta

  3. Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany

    Beiping Miao & Obul Reddy Bandapalli

  4. Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany

    Beiping Miao & Obul Reddy Bandapalli

  5. Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Obul Reddy Bandapalli

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  1. Sonal Gupta
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  2. Manisha Mathur
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  3. Beiping Miao
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  4. Prashanth Suravajhala
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  5. Obul Reddy Bandapalli
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Correspondence to Obul Reddy Bandapalli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India

    Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma

  2. Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India

    Dhananjay Shukla

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Gupta, S., Mathur, M., Miao, B., Suravajhala, P., Bandapalli, O.R. (2021). Role of DNA Mismatch Repair Genes in Colorectal Cancer. In: Vishvakarma, N.K., Nagaraju, G.P., Shukla, D. (eds) Colon Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64668-4_10

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