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Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Trackers: An Overview

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Advanced Technologies for Solar Photovoltaics Energy Systems

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

Abstract

The generated power from the photovoltaic (PV) array is a function in its terminal voltage. The relation between the generated power and the terminal voltage of the PV array is called the P–V curve. The point corresponding to the highest generated power in this relation is called maximum power point (MPP). This relation has only one peak in the case of uniformly distributed irradiance over the PV array. Meanwhile, it has multiple peaks in the case of partial shading conditions (PSC). The one with the highest power is called global peak (GP) and the other peaks are called local peaks (LPs). The control system should track this point to improve the efficiency of the PV system by extracting the maximum available power from the PV array. The controller used to track this point is called the maximum power point tracker (MPPT). Traditional MPPTs such as hill-climbing or incremental conductance are adequate to track the MPP in the case of uniform irradiance, but it may stick at one of the LPs in the case of PSC. For this reason an unlimited number of MPPT techniques are introduced in the literature to track this point. This chapter introduces an overview of the PV maximum power point trackers (MPPT) techniques. The classifications of MPPT of the PV system is introduced in detail in this chapter. The operating principles, advantages, and disadvantages of each technique are introduced in detail for famous and important techniques and in brief for the less famous techniques or the techniques that are not showing good performance in tracking the MPP. A comprehensive comparison between these techniques is presented in detail in this chapter. Important recommendations and conclusions are introduced at the end of this chapter to show the advantages and disadvantages of these PV MPPT techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sustainable Energy Technologies Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    Ali M. Eltamaly

  2. Electrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ali M. Eltamaly

  3. K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Ali M. Eltamaly

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  1. ENSA, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco

    Saad Motahhir

  2. Electrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ali M. Eltamaly

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Eltamaly, A.M. (2021). Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Trackers: An Overview. In: Motahhir, S., Eltamaly, A.M. (eds) Advanced Technologies for Solar Photovoltaics Energy Systems. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64565-6_6

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