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Safe and Efficient CO2 Injection

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CO2 Injection in the Network of Carbonate Fractures

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Abstract

CO2 injection must be safe assuring the integrity of seal-reservoir pair for long-term gas trapping, and it must be also efficient as commercial activity that seeks business profit. Injection in tight reservoirs, as fractured carbonates, usually needs high pressure values to reach proper injectivity ranges, what means the geological complex integrity could be put at risk due to rock fracturing or fault-slip that may generate leakage pathways. The study case of OXYCFB300 Project is addressed in this chapter, analyzing how the CO2 injection in dense state is conducted in the naturally fractured reservoir of Hontomín pilot. Inputs from hydraulic characterization tests developed on site, addressed on Chapter “On-Site Hydraulic Characterization Tests”, are briefly analyzed, tackling how the injection strategies were designed under mentioned safety and efficiency criteria. Spanish Patent “Industrial process for CO2 injection in dense state from pipeline transport condition to permanent geological trapping” is analyzed in the chapter. Particularly, the innovative process with alternative injection of CO2 and brine, as well as, the necessary mitigation tools to preserve the operation safety. Both measures to control the bottom pressure build up and the effect of impurities existing on CO2 stream are analyzed. Finally, the conditions necessary to become a patent in operation are described, as future works planned in the project.

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References

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Acknowledgements

The experiences and results showed in this chapter form part of the projects “OXYCFB300” and “IMPACTS” funded by the European Energy Program for Recovery (EEPR), Seven Framework Program (FP7) and the Spanish Government through Foundation Ciudad de la Energía-CIUDEN F.S.P. Authors acknowledge the role of the funding entities, project partners and collaborators without which the project would not have been completed successfully.

This document reflects only the authors’ view and that European Commission or Spanish Government are not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mines and Energy, Technical University of Madrid, Calle de Rios Rosas 21, 28003, Madrid, Spain

    Alberto Ramos & Carlos Martínez

  2. Foundation Ciudad de la Energía-CIUDEN F.S.P., Avenida del Presidente Rodríguez Zapatero, 24492, Cubillos del Sil, Spain

    J. Carlos de Dios

Authors
  1. Alberto Ramos
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  2. Carlos Martínez
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  3. J. Carlos de Dios
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alberto Ramos .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. CO2 Geological Storage, CIUDEN, Cubillos del Sil, León, Spain

    J. Carlos de Dios

  2. Energy and environment business unit, BATTELLE, Columbus, OH, USA

    Srikanta Mishra

  3. Geophysical Section, OGS, Trieste, Italy

    Flavio Poletto

  4. Engineering School of Mines and Energy, UPM, Madrid, Spain

    Alberto Ramos

Glossary

BHP

Bottom hole pressure

BHT

Bottom hole temperature

CCS

Carbon capture and geological storage

DTS

Distributed Temperature Sensing System

EEPR

European Energy Program for Recovery

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

FEED

Front End Engineering Design

FID

Final investment decision

FP7

Framework Program 7th

HA

Observation well

HI

Injection well

LOT

Leak off test

TDP

Technology Development Plant

WAG

Water alternating gas

WHP

Well head pressure

WHT

Well head temperature

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Ramos, A., Martínez, C., de Dios, J.C. (2021). Safe and Efficient CO2 Injection. In: de Dios, J.C., Mishra, S., Poletto, F., Ramos, A. (eds) CO2 Injection in the Network of Carbonate Fractures. Petroleum Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62986-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62986-1_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-62985-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-62986-1

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