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Water Resources Management for Irrigated Agriculture in Perspective of Geospatial Techniques

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Geostatistics and Geospatial Technologies for Groundwater Resources in India

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Abstract

Uttar Pradesh is well known for its rice–wheat cropping system whenever it comes to agricultural sector. Being one of the highest producers of wheat and the second highest in terms of rice production, the state needs to be cautious about the usage of both of the quantity and quality of water as irrigation. The adversity of variability in climate has afflicted both the crop production as well as overall crop health. Crop irrigation water mainly comes from both the groundwater and surface water sources. Both the sources bear strong relation with the rainfall variability. The state has already begun to sense the over-exploitation of its groundwater resources. Even the surface water resources are under the threat of either insufficient rainfall to replenish them or they are unfit for use due to the quality issues. Besides, the anticipated climate change is further projected to alter the spatio-temporal pattern of rainfall enhancing the variability. Thus, there is a dire need to manage the water resources to make the irrigation facility more effective and thus pulling up the crop health. The groundwater deficits or its poor quality often get reflected through the vegetation health thriving on this resource. This study uses this key association between the groundwater and vegetation condition to venture into the issues related to water resources management with the help of varied indices in geo-spatial techniques. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) has been used to monitor the seasonal vegetation status (crop yield) in correspondence with rainfall and groundwater fluctuations for the period of 1998 to 2017. Thereby, this study is an attempt to assess the spatial and temporal pattern of crop health in response to groundwater availability based on remote sensing approach. The study will help the farmers, irrigation engineers, agriculturalists and Government officials to take necessary steps for proper management of the water resources successfully.

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank the Climate Change Programme, Department of Science and Technology-New Delhi and University Grants Commission, New Delhi for financial support for this study. The rainfall data used in the study was obtained from the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi that is thankfully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DST-Mahamana Centre of Excellence in Climate Change Research, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Diva Bhatt, Arnab Kundu, Sangita Dey & R. K. Mall

  2. Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    K. N. P. Raju

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  1. Diva Bhatt
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  2. Arnab Kundu
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  4. R. K. Mall
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Correspondence to Arnab Kundu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Water Management, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Partha Pratim Adhikary

  2. Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  3. Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

    Priyabrata Santra

  4. Randstad India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India

    Gouri Sankar Bhunia

  5. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Ashwani Kumar Tiwari

  6. Department of Geophysics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

    B. S. Chaudhary

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Bhatt, D., Kundu, A., Dey, S., Mall, R.K., Raju, K.N.P. (2021). Water Resources Management for Irrigated Agriculture in Perspective of Geospatial Techniques. In: Adhikary, P.P., Shit, P.K., Santra, P., Bhunia, G.S., Tiwari, A.K., Chaudhary, B.S. (eds) Geostatistics and Geospatial Technologies for Groundwater Resources in India. Springer Hydrogeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62397-5_28

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