Abstract
It is well known that dynamic structural reorganization occurs in the adult mammalian neurohypophysis (NH) in response to chronic physiological stimulation such as osmotic stimulation and lactation. Neurohypophysial glial cells, pituicytes engulf axon terminals and interpose between the axon terminals and fenestrated capillaries under healthy normal conditions, whereas chronic physiological stimulation increases the neuro-vascular contact area via the retraction of pituicyte cellular processes. Recent evidence shows that an activity-dependent shape conversion of perivascular pericytes also participates in increasing the neuro-vascular contact area by extension of the pericyte cellular processes. In addition to the rapid activity-dependent responses of pituicytes and pericytes, angiogenesis and gliogenesis also occur to maintain a proper population density of pituicytes and endothelial cells. I will describe in this chapter how glial–neuronal or axonal–glial interactions modulate neuropeptide diffusion from the NH into the blood circulation. In conclusion, the NH has more dynamic and complicated mechanisms of structural reorganization than we have previously thought.
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Miyata, S. (2021). Fenestrated Capillary and Dynamic Neuro-Glial-Vascular Reorganization of the Adult Neurohypophysis. In: Tasker, J.G., Bains, J.S., Chowen, J.A. (eds) Glial-Neuronal Signaling in Neuroendocrine Systems. Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62383-8_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62383-8_3
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