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Numerical Assessment of Electromagnetic Energy and Forces in Non-destructive Measurement Devices

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Numerical Methods for Energy Applications

Part of the book series: Power Systems ((POWSYS))

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Abstract

Non-destructive testing in the electromagnetic field is one of the fastest and least expensive testing techniques for pieces subject to degradation. This domain has evolved a lot in recent years, because of the increasing demands received by the scientific community from the industry. Non-destructive testing aims to detect defects (different types of cracks, structural inhomogeneity) in materials (conducting, ferromagnetic) without destroying the tested object. Therefore, the application of such techniques addresses many relevant domains that require high security of installations, domains such as aeronautical, nuclear, medical, or chemical industry. This chapter provides insight into the most commonly used non-destructive measurement devices, but also into the magnetic field analysis in nonlinear media. It presents the magnetization characteristic evaluation for ferromagnetic bodies.

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Abbreviations

NDT:

Non-destructive testing

FEM:

Finite Element Method

FEM-BEM:

Finite Element Method—Boundary Element Method

SST:

Single Sheet Tester

VSM:

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

EMF:

Electromotive force

PFPM:

Polarization of the Fixed-Point Method

B :

Magnetic flux density (induction)

H :

Magnetic field strength (intensity)

D :

Electric displacement

E :

Electric field strength

\(\varepsilon\) :

Absolute permittivity

\(\mu\) :

Absolute permeability

\(\Psi_{{S_{\Gamma } }}\) :

Electric flux

\(\Phi_{{S_{\Gamma } }}\) :

Magnetic flux

\(P\) :

Power

\(X_{k}\) :

Generalized force

\(dx_{k}\) :

Elementary variation

\(dL_{k}\) :

Elementary mechanical work

\(W\) :

Electromagnetic energy

w :

Volumetric density of electromagnetic field energy

\(W_{e}\) :

Energy of the electric field

\(W_{m}\) :

Energy of magnetic field

\(w_{h,cycle}\) :

Volumetric density of the energy transferred by the electromagnetic field to bodies during a full hysteresis cycle, electric and magnetic

\(w^{ * }\) :

Volume density of electromagnetic field coenergy

\(w_{e}^{ * }\) :

Volumetric density of electric coenergy

\(w_{m}^{ * }\) :

Volumetric density of magnetic coenergy

\(p_{h}\) :

Volumetric density of power transferred by the field

\(\overline{S}\) :

Poynting vector

J :

Current density

i :

Current

\(\left( \Sigma \right)\) :

Closed surface

\(\left( {V_{\Sigma } } \right)\) :

Domain bounded by the closed surface \(\left( \Sigma \right)\)

\(\left( {\Gamma_{el} } \right)\) :

Closed contour corresponding to electric hysteresis cycle

\(\left( {\Gamma_{mg} } \right)\) :

Closed contour corresponding to magnetic hysteresis cycle

\({\text{A}}_{{{\text{el}}}}\) :

Area of electric cycle

\({\text{A}}_{{{\text{mg}}}}\) :

Area of magnetic cycle

\(\overline{dA}\) :

Area element

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Marilena Stanculescu, Paul Cristian Andrei & Lavinia Bobaru

  2. Department of Doctoral School, University Valahia, Targoviste, Romania

    Horia Andrei

  3. Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, Edmonton, Canada

    Sorin Deleanu

Authors
  1. Marilena Stanculescu
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  2. Paul Cristian Andrei
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  3. Horia Andrei
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  4. Sorin Deleanu
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  5. Lavinia Bobaru
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marilena Stanculescu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Seraj Higher Education Institute, Tabriz, Iran

    Naser Mahdavi Tabatabaei

  2. Faculty of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania

    Nicu Bizon

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Stanculescu, M., Andrei, P.C., Andrei, H., Deleanu, S., Bobaru, L. (2021). Numerical Assessment of Electromagnetic Energy and Forces in Non-destructive Measurement Devices. In: Mahdavi Tabatabaei, N., Bizon, N. (eds) Numerical Methods for Energy Applications. Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62191-9_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62191-9_21

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