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Psychopharmacotherapy in Patients with Tics and Other Motor Disorders

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NeuroPsychopharmacotherapy

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Abstract

Tics are defined as involuntary, sudden, nonrhythmic, rapid movements and/or sounds, with onset in childhood or adolescence. The first-line treatment for tics is cognitive behavioral therapy, but when behavior therapy is unsuccessful and tics still cause troublesome, pharmacotherapy is recommended. α-Adrenergic agonists clonidine and guanfacine are commonly used drugs for pharmacotherapy of tics. Anti-dopaminergic drugs, i.e., antipsychotic drugs, are also effective pharmacotherapeutics for tics, with fewer adverse effects. Huntington disease (HD) is another motor disorder and a progressive autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor, behavioral, and cognitive decline, resulting in death within 15–20 years after disease diagnosis. There are currently no effective pharmacological agents available to stop or prevent the progression of HD. Therefore supportive and symptomatic management is still the mainstay for HD treatment. In addition to the nonpharmacologic supportive management, pharmacotherapy can be effective for motor symptoms commonly seen in HD. Psychopharmacotherapy, including typical and atypical antipsychotics, is perhaps the most commonly considered treatment of chorea and psychosis in patients with HD. In this chapter, we will review psychopharmacotherapy in the treatment of tics and HD.

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Author notes

  1. Yijing Bai and Long Niu contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

    Yijing Bai, Long Niu & Song Li

  2. Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

    Weidong Le

  3. Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

    Weidong Le

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  1. Yijing Bai
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  2. Long Niu
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Correspondence to Weidong Le .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

    Peter Riederer

  2. Institute of Psychological Medicine (IPM), Soyen, Germany

    Gerd Laux

  3. Centre for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

    Toshiharu Nagatsu

  4. Center Translational Res Neurol Diseases, Dalian Med Uni Shanghai Inst Health Sc Center Translational Res Neurol Diseases, Dalian, China

    Weidong Le

  5. Würzburg, Germany

    Christian Riederer

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

    Nakao Iwata MD, PhD

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Bai, Y., Niu, L., Li, S., Le, W. (2022). Psychopharmacotherapy in Patients with Tics and Other Motor Disorders. In: Riederer, P., Laux, G., Nagatsu, T., Le, W., Riederer, C. (eds) NeuroPsychopharmacotherapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62059-2_257

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