Abstract
In this work we present an approach for the classification of driving behaviour using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), based on measurements that have been obtained by the internal CAN-bus of the vehicle. As is the case with different driving behaviours, CAN-bus sensor data reflect the driving patterns associated with different types of vehicles. The experimental evaluation is performed on a real-life dataset composed by measuring 27 attributes, for 4 different car types, namely vacuum, car, truck and garbage truck. These features are processed to form pseudocolored images, capturing both temporal and qualitative features of parts of routes. For classification, we use a deep CNN architecture. Results indicated an accuracy of 91% and increased performance compared to other neural network-based approaches.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Meiring, G.A.M., Myburgh, H.: CA review of intelligent driving style analysis systems and related artificial intelligence algorithms. Sensors 15(12), 30653–30682 (2015)
Van Ly, M., Martin, S., Trivedi, M.M.: Driver classification and driving style recognition using inertial sensors. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), pp. 1040–1045. IEEE (2013)
Vaitkus, V., Lengvenis, P., Žylius, G.: Driving style classification using long-term accelerometer information. In: 19th International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR), pp. 641–644. IEEE, September 2014
Bergasa, L.M., Almeria, D., Almazán, J., Yebes, J.J., Arroyo, R.: DriveSafe: an app for alerting inattentive drivers and scoring driving behaviors. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, pp. 240–245. IEEE (2014)
Romera, E., Bergasa, L.M., Arroyo, R.: Need data for driver behaviour analysis? Presenting the public UAH-DriveSet. In: IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), pp. 387–392. IEEE (2016)
Joubert, J.W., De Beer, D., De Koker, N.: Combining accelerometer data and contextual variables to evaluate the risk of driver behaviour. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behavi. 41, 80–96 (2016)
Yi, D., Su, J., Liu, C., Quddus, M., Chen, W.H.: A machine learning based personalized system for driving state recognition. Transp. Res. Part C Emerging Technol. 105, 241–261 (2019)
Bouhoute, A., Oucheikh, R., Boubouh, K., Berrada, I.: Advanced driving behavior analytics for an improved safety assessment and driver fingerprinting. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 20(6), 2171–2184 (2018)
Giles, C.L., Kuhn, G.M., Williams, R.J.: Dynamic recurrent neural networks: theory and applications. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 5(2), 153–156 (1994)
Saleh, K., Hossny, M., Nahavandi, S.: Driving behavior classification based on sensor data fusion using LSTM recurrent neural networks. In: IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2017)
Mantzekis, D., Savelonas, M., Karkanis, S., Spyrou, E.: RNNs for classification of driving behaviour. In: 10th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA), pp. 1–2. IEEE (2017)
Hochreiter, S., Schmidhuber, J.: Long short-term memory. Neural Comput. 9(8), 1735–1780 (1997)
Chung, J., Gulcehre, C., Cho, K., Bengio, Y.: Empirical evaluation of gated recurrent neural networks on sequence modeling. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.3555 (2014)
LeCun, Y., Bottou, L., Bengio, Y., Haffner, P.: Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition. Proc. IEEE 86(11), 2278–2324 (1998)
Jiang, W., Yin, Z.: Human activity recognition using wearable sensors by deep convolutional neural networks. In: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 1307–1310. ACM (1998)
Srivastava, N., Hinton, G., Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Salakhutdinov, R.: DropOut: a simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 15(1), 1929–1958 (2014)
Papadakis, A., Mathe, E., Vernikos, I., Maniatis, A., Spyrou, E., Mylonas, P.: Recognizing human actions using 3D skeletal information and CNNs. In: International Conference on Engineering Applications of Neural Networks, pp. 511–521. Springer, Cham (2019)
Chollet, F.: Keras-team/keras. GitHub. https://github.com/fchollet/keras. Accessed 16 Par 2020
Abadi, M., et al.: TensorFlow: a system for large-scale machine learning. In: Proceedings of 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 16) (2016)
Acknowledgment
This research has been co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH-CREATE-INNOVATE (project code: T1EDK-03459).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Spyrou, E., Vernikos, I., Savelonas, M., Karkanis, S. (2021). An Image-Based Approach for Classification of Driving Behaviour Using CNNs. In: Nathanail, E.G., Adamos, G., Karakikes, I. (eds) Advances in Mobility-as-a-Service Systems. CSUM 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1278. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61075-3_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61075-3_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-61074-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-61075-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)