Abstract
The introduction of percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) in clinical practice represented one of the most significant moments for the birth and then for the development of nephrology. The use of imaging techniques for kidney localization, the operator training, and the availability of pathologists specialized in the observation and interpretation of histological samples are indispensable in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of PRB. Since the 1980s, PRB has been performed under ultrasound guidance using spring-loaded biopsy needles. In experienced hands, this procedure is associated with a low risk of serious complication, such as hematomas, macroscopic hematuria, or arteriovenous fistula. PRB is still today considered an irreplaceable tool for diagnosis, prognosis, and choice of treatment of several primary or secondary kidney diseases, such as idiopathic nephrotic syndromes, rapidly progressive kidney diseases, and acute or chronic kidney injury with normal-sized kidney and no obstruction. In kidney transplant, PRB is also useful for the diagnosis of acute rejection, acute tubular necrosis, persistent proteinuria, and/or calcineurin inhibitor-related nephrotoxicity.
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Granata, A. et al. (2021). Renal Biopsy. In: Granata, A., Bertolotto, M. (eds) Imaging in Nephrology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60794-4_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60794-4_20
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