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Recent Developments in the Evaluation and Application of Residual and Fully Softened Shear Strengths for the Stability Analyses of Landslides

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Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk (WLF 2020)

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Abstract

Shear strength is an essential component of slope stability analyses and necessary for the design of landslide repair and prevention works. This paper provides an in-depth review of the shear strength of soil pertinent to landslide analysis—fully softened shear strength and the residual shear strength of soils. Methods currently used in practice to measures the fully softened and residual shear strengths are summarized along with their advantages and disadvantages. Specifically, this paper will present details regarding the methods used to measure these shearing resistances, such as direct shear, ring shear, triaxial compression and direct simple shear tests to measure the fully softened shear strength and the use of direct shear, ring shear and triaxial compression tests to obtain the residual shear strengths. Pertinent information and discussions are provided regarding the interpretation of the shear envelopes developed from these testing methods focusing on the use of linear and non-linear (or curved) failure envelopes along with the interpretation of the strengths in terms of the secant friction angles. The various forms of curved linear envelopes presented in the literature are discussed. The paper also includes details of several commonly used correlations to estimate both the fully softened and residual shear strengths. Recommendations by the authors on the use, measurement and interpretation of both the fully softened and residual shear strengths are also included.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. California State University, Fullerton, Office of Research and Sponsored Projects, 1121 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA, 92831, USA

    Binod Tiwari

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58078, USA

    Beena Ajmera

Authors
  1. Binod Tiwari
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  2. Beena Ajmera
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Correspondence to Binod Tiwari .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Civil and Environmental Engineering, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA

    Binod Tiwari

  2. International Consortium on Landslides, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Kyoji Sassa

  3. Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney, BC, Canada

    Peter T. Bobrowsky

  4. Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability (Shishu-kan), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Kaoru Takara

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Tiwari, B., Ajmera, B. (2021). Recent Developments in the Evaluation and Application of Residual and Fully Softened Shear Strengths for the Stability Analyses of Landslides. In: Tiwari, B., Sassa, K., Bobrowsky, P.T., Takara, K. (eds) Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk. WLF 2020. ICL Contribution to Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60706-7_2

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