Abstract
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) has recognized the urgent need to reduce the risk of disasters in a changing climate. With complexity and interaction of human, economic and political systems, risk becomes increasingly systemic. Therefore, it requires concerted and urgent effort to reduce it in an integrated way. This paper describes a new insight into risk-informed development planning in Cameron Highlands (Pahang, Malaysia), the most populated and economically developed mountainous area in Malaysia. We compiled landslide inventories dated since 1961 coupling with the historical records, and national landslide hazard risk mapping project resulted in 1842 landslides. We found that several landslide hotspots contain more than 10 landslides/km2. Most of the study area was marked as very high to high hazard (38.96%). The GIS-based spatio-temporal assessment indicated about 10.0% and 0.4% of land use changes for the period 2003–2015 and 2015–2018, respectively. Spatial analysis of landslide hazard indicated a positive correlation with land use changes. This study review of 100-year trends in land use changes (1930–1960, 1960–2003, 2003–2015, 2015–2030) indicates that anthropogenic activities dominantly affected by physical development and agriculture activity contributed significantly towards environmental degradation in a populated highland area. Since the urbanization rate in Malaysia is expected to increase up to 85% with 46.1 million people in 2040, integration of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and resilience is critical in all sectors. As a conclusion, this research provides a significant input for developing local DRR and resilience strategies, as one of seven global targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.
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Acknowledgements
A very special thanks to JMG, PLANMalaysia, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Cameron Highlands Local Council for providing valuable dataset and input for this research. Thanks to financial supports from Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center (DPPC) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) UTM Kuala Lumpur and research grants, PY/2019/03529.
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Kadir, M.F.A., Razak, K.A., Ahmad, F., Khailani, D.K. (2021). Risk-Informed Land Use Planning for Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction: A Case Study of Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. In: Guzzetti, F., Mihalić Arbanas, S., Reichenbach, P., Sassa, K., Bobrowsky, P.T., Takara, K. (eds) Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk. WLF 2020. ICL Contribution to Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60227-7_45
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