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Green Reactions

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Green Chemistry

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Abstract

A majority of organic reactions require the use of volatile solvents and dry conditions, and produce a number of by-products which are harmful to the environment. With the advancement of knowledge and development of new and better techniques, a large number of organic reactions could be carried out in eco-friendly conditions. It has now been possible to carry out those reactions which earlier needed anhydrous conditions, in aqueous phase and in supercritical water or in near critical water (NCW) regions. Besides water, reactions have also been conducted using supercritical carbon dioxide, ionic liquids, polyethylene glycol and its solutions. Also, the yields in a number of reactions have been increased by the use of microwaves, sonication and fluorous phase techniques, and catalysts including biocatalysts. Such reactions are now designated as green reactions. For the sake of understanding, the reaction conditions used earlier and their mechanism as well as the new conditions which make them green are as follows.

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Ahluwalia, V.K. (2021). Green Reactions. In: Green Chemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58513-6_2

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