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Massive MIMO

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5G and Beyond

Abstract

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has become one of the key technologies for fifth generation (5G) wireless systems and beyond due to its potential to offer high spectral efficiency simultaneously to many users, with simple signal processing. These remarkable gains are obtained through the use of many antennas at the base station to spatially multiplex many users on the same time-frequency resource. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of massive MIMO. A completed massive MIMO transmission protocol under time-division duplex operation is first presented. Then, fundamental aspects including favorable propagation, channel hardening, pilot contamination, and use-and-then-forget capacity bounding technique are discussed in detail. Finally, a range of important topics for future research on massive MIMO is suggested.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowships under Grant MR/S017666/1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK

    Hien Quoc Ngo

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  1. Hien Quoc Ngo
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Correspondence to Hien Quoc Ngo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ericsson, Santa Clara, CA, USA

    Xingqin Lin

  2. Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea (Republic of)

    Namyoon Lee

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Ngo, H.Q. (2021). Massive MIMO. In: Lin, X., Lee, N. (eds) 5G and Beyond. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58197-8_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58197-8_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58196-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58197-8

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