Abstract
Linking the first international scientific conference on populism in 1967 in London to state-of-the-art scholarly approaches, this historical-conceptual contribution traces the development of theories on populism and their varying departures, analyzing both common grounds and differences. The chapter examines the different strategies that populism pursues: the drawing of boundaries, the supposed orchestrating of the “authentic voice” of “the people” and anti-liberalism. These strategies are accompanied by anti-liberalism and a profound distrust in “traditional” media. The text discusses how, against this background, by developing counter-strategies the challenge of populism can be met and even countered.
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Notes
- 1.
In this context the Austrian politician Jörg Haider, who took over the chairmanship of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) in 1986, can be regarded as an example of charismatic leadership. He attracted worldwide attention when his party joined the government in 2000.
- 2.
A recent example is the striking placard campaign by Viktor Orbán against George Soros and Jean-Claude Juncker, condemning them as “the faces of allowing illegal immigration in Europe” in February 2019, shortly before the EU elections.
- 3.
The Front National (National Front) changed its name to Rassemblement National (National Rally) in June 2018.
- 4.
Weidel provides an interesting example of contradictions. While the party stands for traditional family values with skepticism toward homosexuality and abortion, Weidel is openly LGBT+ and lives together with a woman from Sri Lanka with whom she has adopted two children.
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Hartleb, F. (2021). Materializations of Populism in Today’s Politics: Global Perspectives. In: Kohl, C., Christophe, B., Liebau, H., Saupe, A. (eds) The Politics of Authenticity and Populist Discourses. Global Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55474-3_2
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