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Asthma, Hay Fever, Pollen, and Climate Change

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Climate Change and Global Public Health

Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM))

Abstract

Climate change is known as one of the biggest health threats since the beginning of the twenty-first century. There has been a dramatic increase in pollen and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2). Increased amounts of CO2 have altered global temperatures and weather extremes, such as Hurricanes Katrina, Sandy, and Maria. Power outages, aerosolized pollen and mold, and wreckage are just a few of the impacts of these hurricanes. Consequently, this has caused a dramatic rise in allergic diseases, including hay fever, bronchial asthma, sinusitis, atopic dermatitis, and chronic urticaria. Downstream consequences, such as the inability to access pharmacies due to floodwater, relapse of cigarette smoking, and post-traumatic stress, are equally important. With these catastrophic events in mind, it is imperative to take preventative measures to avert future disasters. With a continued rise in global emissions, adaptation strategies and an adequate amount of planning need to be done in order to avoid any new long-lasting respiratory/allergic health issues that are caused by climate change.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Pre-industrial: The multi-century period prior to the onset of large-scale industrial activity around 1750. The reference period 1850–1900 is used to approximate pre-industrial global mean surface temperature [16].

  2. 2.

    157 mph or higher (Saffir-Simpson Wind Scale).

  3. 3.

    A fungal cell wall component with known toxic and inflammatory effects [37].

  4. 4.

    Federal Emergency Management Agency.

  5. 5.

    Compared to IRIS (Integrated Risk Information System), OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), and ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) exposure limits.

  6. 6.

    Adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells.

  7. 7.

    Prevalence ratio.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema, Jonathan Li, Ashlee Pagnotta, Malvika Singh & Jo’ Ale White

  2. Northwell Health International Center for Excellence in Deployment Health and Medical Geosciences, Manhasset, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  3. Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention at Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  4. Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  5. Columbia University Global Psychiatric Epidemiology Group CDC NIOSH U01 OH011308-01 9/11, Trauma and Toxicity in Childhood: Longitudinal Health and Behavioral Outcomes, New York, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  6. Faculty Committee on Health Professions (Pre-Med Committee) Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  7. RDS2 Solutions, Inc., Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  8. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  9. Division of Allergy/Immunology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  10. Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Donald and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA

    Anthony Szema

  11. Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jonathan Li

  12. Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Ashlee Pagnotta, Malvika Singh & Jo’ Ale White

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  1. Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

    Kent E. Pinkerton

  2. NYU School of Global Public Health New York University, New York, NY, USA

    William N. Rom

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Szema, A., Li, J., Pagnotta, A., Singh, M., White, J.A. (2021). Asthma, Hay Fever, Pollen, and Climate Change. In: Pinkerton, K.E., Rom, W.N. (eds) Climate Change and Global Public Health. Respiratory Medicine. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54746-2_10

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